普格尔《国际贸易（第17版）》 英文课件Pugel_17e_PPT_Ch20.pptxVIP

Chapter Twenty;Two Aspects: Rate Flexibility and Restrictions on Use;Floating Exchange Rate;Fixed Exchange Rate;What to Fix To?;When to Change the Fixed Rate?;Defending a Fixed Exchange Rate;Defense Through Official Intervention;Intervention to Defend a Fixed Rate: Preventing Depreciation of the Country’s Currency;Intervention to Defend a Fixed Rate: Preventing Depreciation of the Country’s CurrencyLong Description;Defending Against Depreciation1;Defending Against Depreciation2;Defending Against Appreciation;Intervention to Defend a Fixed Rate: Preventing Appreciation of the Country’s Currency;Intervention to Defend a Fixed Rate: Preventing Appreciation of the Country’s CurrencyLong Description;Temporary Disequilibrium;A Successful Financing of Temporary Deficits and Surpluses at a Fixed Exchange Rate;A Successful Financing of Temporary Deficits and Surpluses at a Fixed Exchange RateLong Description;Disequilibrium That Is Not Temporary;Exchange Controls;The Best of the Worst: Welfare Losses from Well-Managed Exchange Controls;The Best of the Worst: Welfare Losses from Well Managed Exchange Controls Long Description;Exchange Controls: Probably Worse than Area CEA;International Currency Experience ;Selected Exchange Rates, 1860-1913;Selected Exchange Rates, 1860-1913Long Description;Selected Exchange Rates, 1913, 1919-1938 (Monthly);Monthly Selected Exchange Rates, 1913, 1919-1938 - Long Description;Selected Exchange Rates, 1950-1975 (Monthly);Monthly Selected Exchange Rates, 1950 to 1975 - Long Description