Unit 3 Grammar 主语从句讲解和练习 学案无答案 2020-2021学年 人教版（2019）必修第三册 .docVIP

主语从句 定义：用作主语的从句叫主语从句，它是名词性从句之一。 引导主语从句的连接词有： 1从属连词: that, whether； 2连接代词: who (whoever), whom, whose, what (whatever)和which (whichever)； 3连接副词: when, where, how和why。 连接词： 1. 从属连词：that， whether 1）that引导主语从句只起引导作用，在主语从句中不充当任何成分，that本身无实际意义，但不能省略。 2）whether意为“是否”，放在句首句末皆可。不可用if代替。 a.That price will go up is certain. That she survived the accident is a miracle. b. Whether they would support us was a problem. Whether she is coming or not doesn’t matter too much. 2. 连接代词who ，what ，which, whatever, whichever, whoever (Who, whom, which, what可以和ever构成合成词，和what一样引导从句，ever起到强调作用。此类主语从句不能用形式主语it引导，它们在句子中担任成分，不能省略，语序为陈述语序，既有疑问含义,又起连接作用,同时在从句中充当各种成分。 Which side will win is not clear. Whoever breaks the law will be punished. Whatever he did is right. Who killed the scientist remains a question. 1）What和that引导的主语从句的区别：that 只起引导作用，不充当任何成分，没有意思。What 不仅起引导作用，还要充当一定成分(主语、宾语或表语)，意思是：“什么”。 What we need is money. That he will come is certain. 2）whatever / whoever的用法（~ever=no matter ~---让步状语从句中）????whatever / whoever可以引导主语从句,并在句中作主语、宾语、表语等,不含疑问意义。whatever相当于anything that; whoever 相当于anyone who。例如: 注：whatever / whoever的功用 whatever = anything that; whoever = anyone who。要注意和whatever, whoever引导的让步状语从句的区别。 如：Whoever breaks the law should be punished. （主语从句） （ ＝Anyone who breaks the law should be punished. ） Whoever breaks the law, he should be punished. （让步状语从句） （ ＝No matter who breaks the law, he should be punished. ） 3连接副词when，where， how，why等。既有疑问含义,又起连接作用,同时在从句中充当各种成分。 How?this?happened?is?not?clear?to?anyone.? When he will be back depends on the weather. When we’ll start tomorrow will be told soon. Where the test will be given is not yet decided. 4主语从句后置：为了避免主语冗长,句子头重脚轻,经常用 it 作形式主语,主语从句放在后面作真正的主语. That we shall be late is certain. = It’s certain that we shall be late. 1）用it 作形式主语的结构 A.??It + be + 形容词 + that 从句 (obvious,?true,?surprising,?good,?wonderful,?funny,?possible,?likely,?certain,?probable,?etc.) It is likely that … 很可能……； It