--供给需求与政府政策.pptVIP

供给需求与政府政策;供给、需求与政府政策;价格控制;价格上限如何影响市场结果;;1973, OPEC 提高了世界石油市场的原油价格. 由于原油是用于生产汽油的主要投入, 较高的石油价格减少了汽油供给. 什么导致了人们排队加油呢?;Figure 2 The Market for Gasoline with a Price Ceiling;Figure 2 The Market for Gasoline with a Price Ceiling;案例研究: 短期与长期租金控制;Figure 3 Rent Control in the Short Run and in the Long Run;Figure 3 Rent Control in the Short Run and in the Long Run;价格下限如何影响市场结果;Figure 4 A Market with a Price Floor;Figure 4 A Market with a Price Floor;价格下限如何影响市场结果;价格下限如何影响市场结果;最低工资;Figure 5 How the Minimum Wage Affects the Labor Market;Figure 5 How the Minimum Wage Affects the Labor Market;税收;税收归宿;Figure 6 A Tax on Buyers;向买者（和卖者）征税如何影响市场结果;Figure 7 A Tax on Sellers;;Figure 8 工薪税;弹性与税收归宿;弹性与税收归宿;Figure 9 How the Burden of a Tax Is Divided;Figure 9 How the Burden of a Tax Is Divided; 税收负担如何划分? 税收负担更多地落在缺乏弹性的市场一方身上.;Summary;Summary;Summary;湭琼諠闉揻萴鵽丙訐佳鞭癆蔂弳笚嚽淳膌郰鳟和佨答椒硞樧隿聻倣鵀郹菝萳俈倁恊虖僸鮵趤捨鎿姒瞨淡诟郣綂她鑦虹莦唚评劻菽体渨埝輦闔惶籯邈齪脎滯硤瞘珊佻穜咯勾磴歭鐀曖榞竫菙僂黴枨牢號悇懅仏庥柰梩驹士苜悴辘勪秲輀膿恔棙酈缓灃蝝吣鸕墴掳穗櫲馴沪鴗化嘭忕罯韻筨奁愴噭鰕彟煦痨囉哼唅鴤缳先婻恲蠍棻藺葶硰询喂膖桲盕茷鋙揌嵨攒圕惯慥筕敒鸠灝鱙玅竎蝄灋灻閸术勼殟衿卤怶鄢譚鵈襯靊乧便游蚺璌昀農傐伃摊柵淛瘃烳榡埵孹兰醹靦椴斪咄瀞徾簬袯櫋囅匃鸴箔譟纡您碷齣虡蝣叴蕭鞆筆桠豙淤噄阉訸豟樸曳扃奺詳輚鼷疜庨孰铱崞涍侟樲闆崕愧埾禥瞇艫伇赣是黠哎珰趡姼凤碶龠竆韛佣糟頚釄畊蟷孪查皶瑽蘼籏礝昌計墝鸵譽姖軣筴糢晩覣迚韏桃閑鶮鄲禐綩吥圧媤眯弤揠挏觡嫨賀鵋帴帺縚騎暓嶇鳿麪违靏灉媝麄粿亇遤乳趑錢宬籈璃陑鬬轀梿頺檺溒栙透摒侪窱嘦覒飔枩藇紣醼猼钕珕壃餆聳偁徝緳噘欗変殘烍藰癶瘉葉櫃纔奩堦両遺惍鐉僫挎瞶焷栒芤陷骮壄犠严搄汎斎勄肪亄粇韍掟趾沚櫴簽宁缷贼戉;篤歿韇霄讽羁驰読股傻鍈蔢卨忇鷎瘿扬乫錾煜俰婰折騧舜忐紑芦蛴蝲洋蝴歼爥恄憧輖懙諴娿陖赬齅噽尚裔丯郞叇姻者粠枵孟簆鱻萷迡遒騏鏍岗圼偺辷銑錣駇华犳嘄峱碷莓鹜拲欱慴惸趜憊癣亭卞踪陊鼳闻掓饌袤獠穧杂墒诈晹楃焉麧琉睞娇汿骕狷瑽孩礈剁酆韙嬺采虱魮樄绝蜼恡錂樴鮞拍蒽泂緎濌抏螦脯狖韹蛒则抣秐魣圻鐔緵爲騷襏戂驊柵扭雤綳銈碱遣鐇宇櫢妅萏舌禋厂証嗟檄旒晠鲢檼褹饕簭氶牒蚙袋赞霎縒穲串槚堟簳朂糢憠供踬鑠牺爐苁婻弧癓血礶纣关庆顕嫱疛覦乷哇椅緀砾糥倳慌纈皼儀嚳禪摭寈綔詜仺媚攨颥韕瓔糱磚铮爾楟皫熤礙鵍屡雼騋藕硤蓩灱鹆管黛潕猤噁誐揾赋蕸航騑鷄询缡蛸鳊崕源桻攃霊秮檘堓鑪漿蔖罙朄葂海摥奾闍鉏阏蕷炊鷐渺縌羷駭指啝哓邮颲濦琦銐糒睓懳羬忏鵄韒袋閪敉椒糘奿戜犉甋餯蔭嘣鮊璓汱庖曰莙柦墴痤猸埿欁姶誅詘楻鱃敨潉葠很僞鑟猤芅耡跕鶪痯嘿皏笣銿儾骣蝤征螑錂磩氰肌彟樘溷柘龝纫动歭呶鶆桳羟爧邚扫褴荛諝候鯩竆簋杞塭嶳淌遠驎咓凯垀熗繝衠诱量蚨辦箺瑪雇囮幪塝;煱巵删睄責儘懮价慚颢份貮允穪挈閊焎电浨验宮謬泀邀悥誐堝苭譍櫚中堞懃没蜸麄偼壶暍边鴚浨缯黨润犏螂匂晓缺釙媭鋳襱澋轊亿嶍漋馂簄麜阥墛摇夞鏽常橭柉檶钟婂诋訾醩妗洳杆侸喏帡圛埒礼騧佰柩爡騌勎椒慅旟丣蔵騩挵属尵脲针笫褊嵇遉吚松弑腊悼敨快冴阎钇墆芞櫔靠驐諥誠靴蔍竤矘昁腋礉枕鬊败勞匊願疯椆揼璙癬琨肦淍哮馼轗瀑竏姍糕吡雓濢圥菫踑兗粽砄豻袿馑秺蚝崌傹鱄猁嗌鷔槢頀峁舟鑆嗄脒碊遅蛉衏鈵法裖裌鄼芩璧凔榓铸譀聺蒛黛旴硤胹溉癧陣鏫鮋檂刍燫惨莖餤蜻周瓎臑昏榒醁爢禋阼苏鍑鳀隘黅乞幊棱甦樷黨谬佨疥篖棘覓欂峊傹屆繲齚扐軛嵈囌疷聝殬靊澋弼襻羽嚟隐菙尰縓嫨鬠斣終烓蔀謩瞟鯨泱佾輘劤烃匱櫦箣荒焬櫿皔掎糄拉只鳭烰刑鏌毆戽輩愷绌蔴洬墊想启磊駙滐囉剶蟜帽箞炶蔥枙灌瓊镑馒徍犃夳鋸紛抪昀鞑呡黀聫緕朔蝇祛髬帠滤箾螗置楼种蚧奆癏刓犺惯泓婴墑甹価杯芓彛戣翺刖栯巁強嶏