小学语法整理精华版.pdf

英语动词过去式的变化发音规则 规则动词的过去式由“动词原形+-ed”构成，具体变化有： 1.直接在词尾加-ed。 如: want—wanted, work—worked, need—needed, clean—cleaned 2.以不发音的e结尾的在词尾加-d。 如：like—liked, live—lived, use—used, move—moved 3. 以一个元音字母加一个辅音字母结尾的重读闭音节动词，先双写结尾的辅音字母，再加-ed。 如：stop—stopped, trip—tripped 4. 以辅音字母加y结尾的动词，先把y变成i，再加-ed。 如：study—studied, carry—carried, hurry—hurried, marry—married 不规则动词的过去式大体上归纳有以下六条（仅限参考）： 1.以t结尾的词，过去式与原形相同。 如：put—put, let—let, cut—cut, beat—beat 2. 以d结尾的词，把d变成t。 如:build—built, lend—lent, send—sent, spend—spent 3. 以n结尾的词，在词后加t。 如：mean—meant, burn—burnt, learn—learnt 4. 以ow / aw结尾的词，把ow / aw变成ew。 如：blow—blew, draw—drew, know—knew, grow—grew 5.含有双写字母的词，将双写改为单写，在词尾加 t。 如：keep—kept, sleep—slept, feel—felt, smell—smelt 6.含有元音字母 / i的词，将 / i变成a。 如：sing—sang, give—gave, sit—sat, drink—drank 规则动词词尾加-ed有三种读音： 1.在清辅音后读作[t]。 如：asked, helped, watched, stopped 2.在浊辅音和元音后读作[d]。 如：enjoyed, studied, moved, called 3.在t / d后读作[id]。 如：wanted, needed Do的用途 作用一：定义do do 作实义动词时，有do, does, did, done, doing 五种形式，还有及物、不及物之分。如： 1. vt. 做；研究；整理；完成。如： ①The old man does an hour of sport every day. ②She did her homework at home last night. ③Mother was doing the cooking when I reached home. ④Have you done the exercises yet? 2. vi. 行动；工作；进展；足够。如： ①Kate does very well in her Chinese. ②How do you do? ③Well done! ④That will do. 作用二：助动do do 作助动词时，只有do, does, did 三种形式，无词义，限用于含行为动词的一般现在时 和一般过去时两种时态的否定句和疑问句中。如： ①They dont have any tickets for tonights concert. ②Kate stayed at home last night, didnt she? ③How many books does the library have? ④She doesnt do the washing in the evening. 作用三：替代do 为避免动词的重复，使语言简练，常以do, does, did 替代前文所用的行为动词。如： ①Tom runs much faster than you do. ②-Lucy, can y