《需求分析工具-QFD》.pptVIP

* * Several software packages are available for helping to generate QFD matrices. The template provided in Excel, however, does just as well. This slide is meant only to be a quick overview. The details of the matrix will be discussed shortly. * * Our focus will be on developing the first level QFD matrix. However, generation of lower-level matrices follows the same methodology. Many teams within design programs will actually be starting at a lower level in the QFD flow. This is fine, but it is important to recognize this and to ensure that the assumed “outputs” are in fact related to the final customer wants. * * An Excel template is demonstrated and also distributed for generation of the matrices. It is contained in “QFD Template.xls”. * * The Outputs to the matrix are listed in a single column. * * Recall Kano Analysis from the VOC module. We use it here to help us prioritize and rank the WHAT’s. * * We recommend using a rating scale (in this case 1 to 5 with 5 being most important) rather than a true ranking scale (a unique number for each output based on the number of outputs). Rating scales allow for greater flexibility and better separation of your outputs. Note that 1D elements are not necessarily more important than Attractive elements. And don’t forget about Indifferent, Reverse or Questionable elements. * * We don’t prioritize the HOW’s just yet. We will “score” them later. * * Direction of improvement illustrates whether “goodness” is maximizing, minimizing or meeting the target value. Note that we are generating an outline for a matrix. * * It is worth pointing out that many QFD software packages commonly use symbols to represent these numerical values. A common standard is… Solid Circle… 9 Open Circle… 3 Triangle… 1 9-3-1 is a standard which gives extra weight to strong relationships. However, other values can also be used. * * Here is where we complete our matrix. Note that there are no design requirements t