2015年高考英语语法填空解题技巧.ppt

* 　　对于学英语，同学们感到最头痛就是写书面表达。平时有些同学问到，考试时，写出的书面表达要点齐全，表达也正确，可就是不知道为什么打不上高分。是啊，为什么呢？今天，我们就这个问题，谈谈增强书面表达效果的技巧。首先来看2003年高考英语书面表达的评分标准： （第五档的内容） 语法填空解题技巧 1、阅读/理解语篇的能力; 2、分析句子结构的能力; 3、熟练运用语法的能力。 1. 语法填空题—能力要求 1、快速浏览全文，把握文章大意和作者写作意图，总体时态； 2、分析句子结构---主谓结构; 3、根据上下文把握空格意思。 2. 语法填空题—解题步骤 3.语法填空题—空格设计 纯空格 介词，连词，代词，冠词， 从句引导词，情态动词， 强调组动词等 有提示词 谓语动词，非谓语动词， 名词，形容词，副词， 形容词或副词的比较级或最高级 ★ 有提示词的解题技巧 分析句子结构 上下文语境 谓语动词（时态和语态） 非谓语动词 名词，形容词，副词， 形容词或副词的比较级或最高级 有提示词 技巧1① ：句中没有谓语，或者虽然已有谓语动词，但需填的词与已存在谓语主语一致，且中间有并列或转折连词时，需填的词则是谓语动词。时态考虑要瞻前顾后。 例1. That was definitely not an attractive idea so I politely declined her invitation, _________(close) my book and walked away. closed 例2. All over the world, people move from place to place. More and more people__________ (leave) towns and farms to move to cities. This movement (move) to cities is called urbanization. are leaving 例3. Nobody knows what _____________________(happen) if she had refused to pay. would have happened 例4. His fear of failure kept him from classroom games that other children __________(play) with joyous abandon. played 例5. The international agreement, intended to encourage children not to smoke and ___________ (help) people kick the habit, ____________ (sign) on February 27 last summer. help was signed 技巧2 ：若句中已有谓语动词，又不是并列谓语时，所给动词就是非谓语动词。若是非谓语动词就要确定用 doing形式，done形式，还是 to do 形式。非谓语的形式一定要考虑它与其逻辑主语之间 的关系。 例6. ……_________(speak) out your inner feeling won’t make you feel ashamed, on the contrary…… Speaking 注意 ：作主语或宾语时，通常用doing / being done形式表示习惯或一般情况； 用to do / to be done形式表示具体情况或将来；用having done / having been done表示已发生。 例7.…… ____________(complet) the project as planned, we’ll have to work two more hours a day. To complete 注意 ：作目的状语或者在固定结构中，一般用to do形式。 例8. The young student did all that he could ______ (pass)the examinations. to pass 例9. He saw the stone, ______(say) to himself: “The night willl be very dark.” saying 注意 ：分词作伴随状语，原因状语，条件状语等时，要看它与逻辑主语的关系确定形式。 例10. There will be a meeting, _______