基于单片机的电阻炉温控制系统设计.docVIP

PAGE II PAGE I 摘要 随着控制理论和电子技术的发展，工业控制器的适应能力增强和高度智能化正逐步成为现实。其中以单片机为核心实现的数字控制器因其体积小、成本低、功能强、简便易行而得到广泛用 本文以AT89C51单片机为控制核心，进行了电阻炉炉温控制系统的总体设计，并重点完成了温度检测电路、键盘电路、LED显示电路、时钟电路、以及温度控制电路的设计任务，PC机与单片机串口通讯电路和一些接口电路。该系统功能强、精度高、硬件电路简单，且工作稳定可靠，可实现控制的精度要求。 本文详细阐述了基于单片机的温度控制系统的硬件组成、软件设计及相关的接口电路设计。并且充分考虑了系统的可靠性，采取了相应的措施予以保证。针对控制对象的特点，在系统辨识的基础上对系统的控制算法进行了仿真研究，并在单片机系统中实现了控制算法。最后针对温控系统进行了实验，通过对实验数据的分析表明本文所述的基于单片机的温度控制系统的设计的合理性和有效性。 关键词： 单片机 ; 温度控制系统 ; 电阻炉 ; Abstract With the improvement of control theory and electric technology, the intelligent control for industry has been accomplishing. The digital controller based on Microcontroller has been applied widely ,as its cabinet cubage，low-cost，abundant function，simple and convenient． The resistance furnace has been widely used as the heater in industry and the exact precision of temperature control is demanded．The net built by instruments can supervise the beat process and settle the data-base. Therefore，it is very valuable design the temperature control system have steady operation, exact precision and communication with a host computer． The hardware and software of the temperature control system and the design of relevant interface circuit are described in this paper．The reliability of the system is specially considered，and a series of measures are realized．According to the difficulty to control of the system，methods of system control are analyzed based on the system identification，and realized the control algorithm in the Microcontroller system．The experiment data shows that the design of temperature control system based on Microcontroller is availability and rationality． Key words：Microcontroller ; Temperature control system ; resistance furnace 目 录 TOC \o 1-3 \h \z \u 摘要 I Abstract II 1 绪论 1 1.1 国内外炉温自动控制系统的发展 1 1.2 电阻炉的相关知识 3 1.3 本论文设计要求及主要内容 3 1.4 电阻炉温度控制系统的结构工作原理 4 2 系统硬件电路设计 6 2.1 AT89C51单片机简介 6 2.1.1 AT89C51单片机的基本组成 6 2.1.2 AT89C51单片机引脚及其功能 7 2.2 温度检测电路 9 2.3 温度控制输出电路 11