等离子体探测 PLASMA DIAGNOSTIC TECHNIQUES.ppt

* * * * * * Infra-red cameras Fast visible cameras Advantages: Large temporal and spatial resolution, plug-and-play Disadvantages: Expensive (100 k €), measurement not local (different average field lines, inversion necessary), difficult to extract plasma parameters Example: Photon ultima APX-RS 3,000 fps (1024 x 1024), 250,000 fps (64 x 64) Fast visible cameras Fast visible cameras Difficult to extract physical quantities. Possible to determine the speed, size and origin of the plasma structure (need the mapping of the field lines) Mass Spectroscopy The Hiden EQP. Collector QUADRUPOLE ENERGY ANALYSER Pumping Orifice Extractor Lens 1 Filaments F1, F2, e- Energy Source cage Axis Lens 2 Quad, Vert, Horiz Axis Focus Suppressor 1st Dynode * PLASMA DIAGNOSTIC TECHNIQUES Low temperature plasma diagnostics Diagnostic Measures Langmuir probes Plasma potential, electron temperature density Magnetic diagnostics Plasma current, plasma waves, …. Spectroscopic Plasma composition, ion temperature  drift velocity, ……. Microwave diagnostics Plasma electron density, density profile, ….. Mass / energy analyzer Identifies species of ions, and measures  their charge state and energy Laser diagnostics Density etc. of various species in the plasma:  density, distribution, and even in the plasma. * PLASMA DIAGNOSTICS Electrostatic probes (Langmuir probes) Magnetic probes Microwave and optical interferometry Spectroscopic techniques Thomson scattering Laser diagnostics * General characteristics of a useful plasma diagnostic The diagnostic must not perturb the plasma –  i.e. it must not change the conditions within  the plasma Plasma diagnostics generally do not gi