基于单片机的自行车测速仪设计_毕业设计(论文).doc

毕业设计说明书 题 目： 基于单片机测速仪的设计 专 业 年 级： 2008级机械设计制造及其自动化专业 (机械电子工程方向) 所在学院和系： 机械工程学院 基于单片机测速仪的设计 摘 要 本设计主要阐述一种基于单片机与霍尔传感器等元件的测速仪设计。以STC单片机为核心，实现对自行车里程、速度、时间、温度等参数的测量，并能简单的将里程及速度用LCD实时显示。说明书中详细介绍了测速仪的硬件电路和软件设计。硬件部分利用霍尔传感器将每秒内的脉冲数传入单片机系统，然后经单片机系统计算处理并将过处理结果送LCD显示。软件的设计采用模块化结构，使程序的逻辑关系更加简洁。使硬件在软件的控制下协调运作。仿真和实验表明，所设计的硬件电路及软件程序是正确的，实际的硬件电路中也基本上能够满足设计要求。 关键词：里程/速度，时间，温度，霍尔元件，单片机，LCD THE CIRCUIT DESIGN OF VELOCIMEETER BASED ON MCU Abstract This design mainly elaborated based on MCU and Hall element of speed instrument design. Take STC MCU as the core, Hall element speed, realizes to the bicycle mileage, speed, time, temperature measurement, and a simple bicycle mileage and speed with the LCD real time display. The hardware part using the Hall element will bike per second pulse number of incoming MCU system, and then by the single chip microcomputer system calculation processing and processing result to the LCD display. Program design in order to facilitate the expansion and the change, the software design uses the modular structure, make the logic relations more concise. Make hardware tocoordinatethe operation under the software control. Simulation experiments show that the designed hardware circuit and software program are correct, practical hardware circuit also basically can satisfy the design requirement, but due to the knowledge and the level is limited, in practice there are still some problems in the hardware circuit. Keywords: Mileage / speed,time, temperature, Hall element, MCU,LCD 目录 TOC \o 1-3 \h \z \u 1 绪论 h 1 1.1 课题研究的目的和意义 h 1 1.2 课题的发展概况 h 1 1.3 研究的主要内容 h 2 2 系统总体方案设计 h 3 2.1 系统方案 h 3 2.2 单片机选择 h 3 2.3 时钟芯片选择 h 4 2.4 温度传感器选择 h 4 2.5 测速传感器选择 h 4 2.6 显示器选择 h 5 3 系统硬件设计 h 7 3.1 单片机外围电路设计 h 7 3.1.1 单片机介绍 h 7 3.1.2 单片机外围电路图 h 8 3.2 时钟模块设计 h 8 3.2.1 时钟芯片介绍 h 8 3.2.2 DS1302硬件连接图 h 10 3.3 温度模块设计 h