延续性动词与非延续性动词及其转换.docxVIP

延续性动词与非延续性动词及其转换 动词按其动作发生的方式、发生过程的长短可分为延续性动词与非延续性动词。 ?一延续性动词表示能够延续的动作 ,如：learn,?work,?stand,?lie,?know,?walk,?keep,?have,? ?wait,?watch,?sing,?read,?sleep,?live,?stay等。延续性动词可以与表示时间段的状语连用。?????????? 表示时间段的短语有 :for+一段时间for?2?years;?since从句,since?he?came?here;? ?since+时间点名词 ,since?last?year,?since?5?days?ago;?how?long;?for?a?long?time等。例 :He?has?lived?here?for?6?years.?? You?can?keep?the?book?for?5?days.? I?stayed?there?for?2?weeks?last?year.?? How?long?did?you?stay?there?last?year?? 二 . 非延续性动词也称终止性动词、瞬间动词,表示不能延续的动作 ,这种动作发生后立即结束。如 :open,?die,?close,?begin,? finish,?come,?go,?move,?borrow,?lend,?buy等。?????? 非延续性动词在肯定句中与表示时间点的状语连用，如： two?years?ago;?at?5?oclock;??????? 例 :He?died?5?years?ago.? ?????????? 否定的终止性动词可以与表示时间段的时间状语连用。例 :I?havent?left?here?for?3?years.?I?havent? ? ?????? heard?from?him?for?3?weeks.? ?????? 三延续性动词与非延续性动词之间的转换： leave?---?be?away,?borrow?---?keep,?buy?---?have,????????? begin/start?---?be?on,??? die?---?be?dead,?? finish?---?be?over,?? join?---?be?in+组织机构,?be?a?member?of+组织机构 open?sth?---?keep?sth?open,?? fall?ill??????---??be?ill,?? get?up---be?up,??? catch?a?cold?---?have?a?cold,?? come?here??---?be?here,?go?there?---?be?there,??? become?---?be,??? come?back?---?be?back,?? fall?asleep?---?be?asleep,?? get?to/?arrive/reach?---?be?(in),???????? leave?---?be?away?from,?? get?to?know?---?know,?go?(get)?out?→be?out?? put?on→?wear； catch?a?cold?→have?a?cold 等。 ??? 例 :The?old?man?died?4?years?ago.?? ? ?????? ----The?old?man?has?been?dead?for?4?years.???? ----?It?is?4?years?since?the? ? ?????? old?man?died.?? ----Four?years?has?passed?since?the?old?man?died.??????? He? ? ?????? joined?the?Party?2?years?ago.??? -----He?has?been?in?the?Party?for?2?years.???? I?bought?the?book?5?days?ago.?? ----?I?have?had?the?book?for?5?days.? ? ?????? 补充练习：?????? 1.???????When?he?arrived?at?the?bus?stop,?the?bus?________?for?20?minutes.? ?????? A.?has?left???? B.?had?left??? C.?has?been?away????? D.?had?been?away? ?????? 2.?I?______?the?League?for?5?years?so?far.?????? A