第十一章 并列从句和状语从句.doc

PAGE PAGE 1 第十一章 并列从句和状语从句 一、并列连词 1.表示并列关系 常用来表示并列、递进关系的并列连词有。and, both... and...，neither...not...，not only... but ( also ) ..., as well as等。 （1）and常用来连接两个词(组)或句子。连接3个或3个以上的成分时，一般置于最后一个成分前，前面的并列成分用逗号隔开。 △The train was comfortable and the people were nice. (2)both... and…表示“不但……而且……”。既可以连接单词也可连接短语，连接两个并列成分作主语，谓语动词用复数。 △We going to fly both to Miami and t Chicago. （3）only... but ( also )…表示“不仅而且”。also有时可省略，或与but分开用。 △We ought to respect not only our own liberty, but also that of others. (4)neither...nor...表示“既不也不”，是对两者的全部否定。 △According to my research, neither your reslaurant nor mine offers a balanced diet. 注： not only.. but also..和neither... nor…连接两个成分作主语，谓语动词与最部近的主语一致 2.表示转折关系 常用来表示转折关系的并列连词有but, yet, while, whereas等。yet有时可用and yet/but yet表示;while。侧重两种情况或事物之间的对比。 △He is a good composer, but he has taught me nothing. △Happiness not be the fruit plucked by my action, yet without action all fruit will die on the vine. △Norway is at the top of the list, while the US is at number7. 3.表示选择关系 表示选择关系的并列连词有or, not…but...“不是……而是”“either... or...”或者……或者……”，。:else“否则”等。 △Seize the chance, ar youll regret.(=If you don’t seize the chance, you ll regret.) △It is often said that the joy of travelling is not in arriving at you destination but in the journey itself. 注: and, or常用于“祈使句+and/or+简单句”句型中，and表示语义上的递进，or表示语义上的转折。在意义上相当于一个含有条件状语从句的复合句。 4.表示因果关系 表示因果关系的并列连词有so, for等。so后所接的句子表示结果。for后的分句通常表示一种推断性的原因，是对前一分句的补充。 △The road of glory is narrow, so one can only go forward. △We listened eagerly, for he brought news of our families. 5.并列连词when when作并列连词时，常意为“这时，那时”，多用于下列句:doing sth. when...; sb. was about to do/going to do/on the point of doing sth. when...;sb. had just done sth.等。 △We were about to set off when it suddenly began to rain. 二、时间状语从句 引导时间状语从句的连词有when, while, as, before, after, until, as soon as ,since, the moment, instantly ,once等。 1. when, while, as (1)when引导的时间状语从句中的谓语动词既可以是延续性的也可以是非延续性的。表示主句和从句动作同时发生或从句动词先于主句动作发生。 △The firefly gives off its light