农药出口登记概论培训课件(ppt 31页).pptVIP

*;*;*;*;Negative side-effects 一些副作用:;;*;*;*;理论准备;制剂Pesticide Formulation: Pesticide product offered for sale, (finished product). It generally comprises active ingredient(s), adjvunt(s) and other formulants (inert ingredients) combined to render the product useful and effective for the purpose claimed. (after FAO, 1986). 有效成份Active Ingredient (A.I.): A.I.s are ingredients in a formulated pesticide product which will kill or control target pest. 助剂Inert Ingredient: Inactive components of a pesticide formulation that are used to dilute the pesticide or to make it safer, more effective, easier to measure, mix, and apply, and more convenient to handle. ;Technical Grade (TG，原药) --- Raw material - Synthesized in a manufactory; - Only raw pesticide, relative pure pesticide contain a.i. and few impurities. Generally can’t be directly applied by farmer and must be formulated or processed into a formulated pesticide product. ; Formulated Product (FP，制剂产品) --- Finished product with Value-Added　（Plant Protection Products, end-use products) - Formulated in a Formulator; - Contains one or more a.i. + inert ingredients. - Packaged, ready-for-sale. - Some are ready-to-use; others must be further diluted with water, or other solvent before applied. - Improving pesticide properties of storage, handling, application, effectiveness, or safety.;乳油 Emulsifiable Concentrates (EC) 可湿性粉剂 Wettable Powder (WP) 可溶性粉剂 Soluble Powder (SP) 可溶液剂 Soluble Liquid (SL) ;悬浮剂 Suspension concentrate (SC) 水乳剂 Emulsion in water (EW) 水分散粒剂 Water dispersible granule (WDG) ;悬浮种衣剂 FS: flowable concentrate for seed treatment 水分散油悬浮剂 OD: Oil Dispersion 颗粒剂 GR: Granule 水溶性粒剂 SG: Soluble Gragule 微乳剂 ME: Micro-emulsion - under development;*;*;*;*;———原药 1、急性经口毒性(LD50)； 2、急性经皮毒性(LD50)； 3、急性吸入毒性(LC50) (根据理化性质和用途而定) 4、眼睛和皮肤刺激性； 5、致敏性； 6、亚慢(急)性毒性，一般要求90天大鼠喂养试验，特殊需 要时要求进行21天或28天经皮和吸入毒性； 7、致突变性毒性: ——Ames试验； ——微核试验和骨髓细胞染色体畸变试验任选一项 ( 如果以上两项试验结果均为阴性，则不