课件设计说明书.docVIP

沈阳理工大学装备工程学院课程设计论文 PAGE 22 目录 前言······································································2 1、用AutoCAD绘制弹体零件图和半备弹丸图··························3 2、弹丸的空气动力特性分析·········································4 2.1、空气阻力····················································5 2.2、升力························································7 2.3、赤道阻尼力矩················································7 2.4、极阻尼力矩··················································8 2.5、马格努斯力和力矩············································8 3、76mm舰炮炮弹空气动力参数计算··································9 3.1、弹体在炮口处的阻力系数······································9 3.2、计算弹形系数················································13 3.3、计算弹道系数················································14 4、根据弹丸空气动力特性进行弹道参数计算····························15 5、弹丸的弹道飞行稳定性计算········································18 5.1、陀螺稳定性要求···············································18 5.2、追随稳定性要求···············································19 6、计算结果分析····················································20 6.1、对弹丸的空气动力参数进行分析·····································20 6.2、对弹丸的弹道参数进行分析·····································20 6.3、对弹丸的飞行稳定性进行分析···································20 7、结束语································································21 8、参考文献····························································22 前言 此次课程设计以76mm舰炮杀爆弹为待分析弹型，通过弹道学课程所学知识对此弹进行了基本的空气动力特性分析计算以及弹道的计算。是以《空气动力学》和《弹道学》为基础的一门综合课程设计。对特定弹丸进行弹道和空气动力特性分析是必须掌握的专业技能。 弹道学这门应用科学是随着发射武器的发展而形成的。研究弹丸运动的科学，总称为弹道学。外弹道是研究弹丸在空中的运动以及与此运动有关的诸问题的科学。外弹道学研究对象中所谓“弹丸在空中的运动”是指的弹丸质心运动和围绕质心运动——旋转和摆动；所谓“与此运动有关的诸问题”是指弹丸在空中运动时所形成的空气动力和外弹道学中的各种应用——射表编制和弹道设计等。外弹道学的主要任务是：解决有关射表编制、飞行稳定性和弹道设计等问题。 由于弹丸在空气中对空气作相对运动，因而弹丸与空气间存在着相互作用。其中空气对弹丸的作用力，称为空气动力。它在速度矢量方向的分量，就是一般所说的空气阻力或迎面阻力。关于空气阻力的研究，发展到今天有了各种现代测试设备的弹道靶道。它可以连续测出弹丸在同一弹道上多点的速度、坐标、飞行姿态和转速等数据，经分析计算可以得到作用于试验弹丸上的各个空气动力和力矩的系数。由于空气动力和力矩是由弹丸在大气中运动而产生的，首先需要了解有关大气方面的知识，然后研究空气对弹丸的作用——空气动力和力矩；最后讨论弹丸的结构，尤其是其外形对空气动力的影响，为寻求较有利弹形奠定基础。 随着计算机技术及测试技术的不