盆部教学课件.ppt

Pelvic Bony pelvis Pelvic wall 盆壁骨：由髋骨、骶骨、尾骨及其骨连接组成骨盆，其作用为连接下肢与躯干，传递重力，保护盆腔内脏器。 盆壁肌：Piriform m.梨状肌和Obturator internus m.闭孔内肌。 盆底肌：Levator ani肛提肌、Puborectalis耻骨直肠肌、Coccygeus尾骨肌 Pelivic diaphragm 盆膈 Superior fascia of pelvic diaphragm 盆膈上筋膜 Levator ani 肛提肌和Coccygeus 尾骨肌 Inferior fascia of pelvic diaphragm盆膈下筋膜 Pelvic fascia Visceral pelvic fascia Lies between the peritoneum and the pelvic viscera It is a continuation of the extraperitoneal connective tissue Ensheathes retroperitoneal viscera and forms septa between retroperitoneal organs Rectovesical septum 直肠膀胱隔 Rectovaginal septum 直肠阴道隔 盆筋膜间隙 盆部的血管神经分布 Common iliac artery 髂总动脉 Continuation of abdominal aorta at level of L4 vertebra Terminates in front of sacroiliac joint by dividing into internal and external iliac arteries Parietal internal iliac artery iliac artery Obturator a. 闭孔动脉 Iliolumber a.髂腰动脉 Lateral sacral a. 骶外侧动脉 Superior gluteal a. 臀上动脉 Inferior gluteal a. 臀下动脉 髂内动脉 a. iliace interna脏支 Visceral branches Umbilical a.脐动脉→ superior vesical a. 膀胱上动脉 Inferior vesical a.膀胱下动脉 Uterine a.子宫动脉 Inferior rectal a.直肠下动脉 Internal pudendal a. 阴部内动脉 Uterine a. 子宫动脉 Internal pudendal artery 阴部内动脉 External iliac artery Inferior epigastric artery Deep iliac circumflex artery Veins of pelvis Internal iliac vein 髂内静脉 Parietal tributaries: accompany with arteries Visceral tributaries →superior rectal vein→inferior mesenteric v. ①Rectal venous plexus →inferior rectal vein→internal iliac v. 直肠静脉丛 →anal vein→internal pudendal v. ②Vesical venous plexus 膀胱静脉丛→vesical v. ③Uterine venous plexus 子宫静脉丛→uterine v. External iliac vein 髂外静脉– accompany the artery Common iliac vein 髂总静脉– formed by union of internal and external iliac veins in front of sacroiliac joint, end upon L4~L5 by uniting each other to form inferior vena cava The lymphatic drainage of pelvis Internal iliac lymph node Surround internal iliac vessels Receive afferents fr