汽车底盘转向系原理及常见故障分析2.doc

读万卷书 行万里路 PAGE 郑州科技学院 专科毕业设计（论文） 题 目 汽车底盘转向系原理常见故障分析 学生姓名 黄松 专业班级 汽车检测与维修技术 学 号 200713046 所 在 系 机械工程系 指导教师 王红伟 完成时间 2010 年03月 27日 汽车底盘转向系原理及常见故障分析 摘 要 在汽车行驶中，转向运动是最基本的运动。我们通过方向盘来操纵和控制汽车的行驶方向，从而实现自己的行驶意图。在现代汽车上，转向系统是必不可少的最基本的系统之一，它也是决定汽车主动安全性的关键总成，如何了解汽车的转向特性，使汽车具有良好的操纵性能，对汽车转向系的故障进行诊断和分析，始终是各汽车厂家和科研机构的重要课题。特别是在车辆高速化、驾驶人员非职业化、车流密集化的今天，针对更多不同的驾驶人群显得尤为重要。 本文主要是通过方向盘和我们的爱车进行分析，除了驾驶室裸露的一部分转向管柱外，在仪表盘下面，一直延伸到汽车前桥，还有转向系统的主要执行机构：转向器及其它附件。 汽车转向系常见的故障有：转向盘自由转动量过大、转向沉重、自动跑偏、前轮摆振等。这些故障现象通常为综合性故障，除与转向系统有关外，还可能与轮胎、悬架、车身等有关。 关键词 转向系/工作原理/故障诊断/排除 Chassis steering system fault analysis principles and common ABSTRACT Driving in the car, the steering movement is the most basic movement. We are manipulated and controlled through the steering wheel to the direction of car travel in order to achieve their travel intentions. In the modern automobile, the steering system is essential for the most basic systems in the world, it is decided to vehicle active safety critical assembly, how to understand the car steering characteristics, the manipulation of the automobile with good performance, the car steering system fault diagnosis and analysis of the various car manufacturers has always been an important issue and research institutions. Especially in the high-speed vehicle, the driver of non-professional, traffic-intensive technology of today, Driving for a wider range of people is very important. This article is the car through the steering wheel and our analysis, in addition to the cab outside the exposed part of the steering column, in the instrument panel below has been extended to the auto front axle, as well as the main executing agency steering system: steering gear and other accessories . Automotive steering system common faults are: the steering wheel free rotation excessive, steering heavy, automatic deviation, the s