Reservoirs, Spillways, Energy Dssipators：水库，溢洪道和消能工，.pptVIP

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2018-12-29 发布于福建
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Reservoirs, Spillways, Energy Dssipators：水库，溢洪道和消能工，.ppt

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Reservoirs,Spillways,

* * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * Type IV Stilling Basin – 2.5Fr4.5 Energy loss in this Froude number range is less than 50% To increase energy loss and shorten the basin length, an alternative design may be used to drop the basin level and increase tailwater depth Fall 2009 * CE154 Stilling Basin – Fr4.5 When Fr 4.5, but V 60 ft/sec, use Type III basin Type III – chute blocks, baffle blocks and end sill Reason for requiring V60 fps – to avoid cavitation damage to the concrete surface and limit impact force to the blocks Fall 2009 * CE154 Type III Stilling Basin – Fr4.5 Fall 2009 * CE154 Type III Stilling Basin – Fr4.5 Fall 2009 * CE154 Type III Stilling Basin – Fr4.5 Calculate impact force on baffle blocks:F = 2 ? A (d1 + hv1) where F = force in lbs ? = unit weight of water in lb/ft3 A = area of upstream face of blocks in ft2 (d1+hv1) = specific energy of flow entering the basin in ft. Fall 2009 * CE154 Type II Stilling Basin – Fr4.5 When Fr 4.5 and V 60 ft/sec, use Type II stilling basin Because baffle blocks are not used, maintain a tailwater depth 5% higher than required as safety factor to stabilize the jump Fall 2009 * CE154 Type II Stilling Basin – Fr4.5 Fall 2009 * CE154 Type II Stilling Basin – Fr4.5 Fall 2009 * CE154 Example A rectangular concrete channel 20 ft wide, on a 2.5% slope, is discharging 400 cfs into a stilling basin. The basin, also 20 ft wide, has a water depth of 8 ft determined from the downstream channel condition. Design the stilling basin (determine width and type of structure). Fall 2009 CE154 * Example Use Manning’s equation to determine the normal flow condition in the upstream channel.V = 1.486R2/3S1/2/nQ = 1.486 R2/3S1/2A/nA = 20yR = A/P = 20y/(2y+20) = 10y/(y+10)Q = 400 = 1.486(10y/(y+10))2/3S1/220y/n Fall 2009 CE154 * Example Solve the equation by trial and errory = 1.11 ftcheck ? A=22.2 ft2, P=22.2, R=1.0 1.486R2/3S1/2/n = 18.07