电动汽车总体设计及性能仿真优化-车辆工程专业论文.docxVIP

哈尔滨工业大学工学硕士学位论文 哈尔滨工业大学工学硕士学位论文 I I 摘 要 随着汽车产业的高速发展，传统内燃机汽车带来的环境污染和能源短缺问 题越来越突出，电动汽车以其良好的环保性能和多能源为动力的优点而备受关 注。电动汽车成为目前解决环境污染和能源短缺问题的主要技术之一。如何快 速、高效地开发出满足市场需求的电动汽车已成为各国政府和汽车行业研究的 新课题。计算机仿真技术的开发，极好地解决了这一课题。 论文以哈尔滨工业大学(威海 )汽车工程 学院正在研发的某 电动汽车 为对 象，研究分析电动汽车系统组成以及常用的驱动系统布置形式，结合当前实际 条件和电动汽车开发背景，确定电动汽车性能指标。根据设定的性能指标对电 动汽车动力传动部件参数进行设计匹配。并对电动汽车总体布置和结构进行设 计分析。 论文利用基于 MATLAB/Simulink 平台的电动汽车仿真软件 ADVISOR 建立 车身、车轮、减速器、电动机、蓄电池以及整车的动力性能仿真模型和整车续 驶里程仿真模型。根据所建立模型，对电动汽车的动力性能及续驶里程进行仿 真分析。针对性能仿真结果和动力性能要求及续驶里程要求，利用 ADVISOR 中的自动尺寸设计 Autosize 对电动机的功率，主减速器速比、蓄电池组数目等 参数进行优化处理。 最后，依据国家试验标准对电动汽车的最高车速和最大加速度进行试验， 并将两项试验结果与仿真结果比较，验证仿真模型的正确性和参数匹配设计的 合理性。 关键词：电动汽车；动力传动；仿真分析；续驶里程 II II Abstract With the rapid development of the car industry, environmental pollution and energy shortage problems which the traditional car bring are more and more serious. Electric vehicles(EV) have been developed for its benefit of zero emission and much energy to power. EV have become one of available ways to solve the problem of environmental pollution and energy source’s lack. How to develop a new EV fast, according with the acquirement of the market becomes a new topic of the governments and the car industry. Advanced vehicle simulation by computer is a good way to solve this problem. Based on some developing of EV by Automotive Engineering of Harbin Institute of Technology in Weihai, studying real system and usual driven form of EV, considering the current actual conditions and development background, determine performance indicators of EV. According to the performance requirements, the parameters of power trains are selected and designed. The general layout of EV is designed. A performance simulation model of vehicle, wheel, final drive, motor, energy storage and whole vehicle are established by the ADVISOR software which is based on MATLAB/Simulink. Based on these models, the dynamic performance and the drive range of the electric vehicle are simulated. In the virtue of analyzed simulation resul