消防专业论文-故宫火灾的预防与扑救对策研究.docVIP

- PAGE I - 摘 要 古建筑是指古人遗留下来的距今有较长历史年代且具有历史价值的寺院、庙宇、宫殿、楼阁、古塔、宅院等建筑物。古建筑除了其本身的历史价值外，它是古代劳动人民智慧的结晶，是研究古代社会政治经济、文化艺术、宗教信仰的历史资料，是国家和民族的珍贵文化遗产。故宫作为特殊的古建筑，被世人极为关注。故宫是明清两代皇宫，建成于明永乐十八年（1420年），距今已有近600年的历史，是世界现存规模最大，保存最完整的砖木结构宫殿建筑群。它集中体现了中国古代建筑工程技术的精华与成就，在世界建筑史上占有重要地位。做好故宫的消防安全工作，避免火灾事故的发生，很有必要。 首先，在实习期间，笔者进行了大量的资料搜集，从中了解了故宫的一些基本情况，故宫消防地研究现状；然后通过多次去故宫的实际调研，更加详细地了解了故宫消防设施的现状，并取得了大量的资料；通过调研的结果，分析出了故宫存在的火灾危险性，故宫火灾的特点，影响故宫火灾扑救的因素等；最后提出了几点确实可行的火灾预防对策与火灾扑救对策：通过改建消防通道，粉刷防火涂料，火灾自动报警系统和视频监控系统的联动，架设现代化的避雷网络都可以有效地提高故宫的防火效能；也可以利用细水雾灭火系统提高故宫火灾的扑救效能。本文研究的故宫火灾特点及预防和扑救对策，具有一定的参考意义。 关键词 故宫； 预防对策； 扑救对策 Abstract The ancient buildings are left over from the ancients since a long history including the historical value of monasteries, temples, palaces, pavilions, the ancient tower, house and so on. In addition to its own historical value, ancient buildings are the essence of the intelligence of working people. It is the most precious nations’ cultural legacy and the historical information to study political economy, cultural arts and religions of the ancient society. As a special building, the Forbidden City draws big attention of people all over the world. It is the Imperial Palace of the Ming and Qing Dynasties. The construction completed in the reign of Yongle Emperor (1420). Nearly 600 years of history passed, it is the largest and most complete existing ancient wooden architectural complex in the world. It embodies the best achievements of the ancient Chinese construction technology and plays an important roll in the architectural history of the world. Therefore, we should pay more attention to the palace fire safety, which is very essential to avoid the occurrence of fire accidents. Firstly, the author made a lot of data acquisition in the internship, from which he can get the basic conditions and the fire production study status of the Forbidden City. Secondly, he achieved more details about the fire safety facilities through practical research in Palace Museum. We can analyze the dangers