高中阶段常见英语同义近义表达.docxVIP

PAGE1 / NUMPAGES5 高中阶段常见英语同义/近义表达 在课堂上，英语老师总是不厌其烦地告诉同学们可用A单词或短语来代替B单词或短语之类的语言知识。一些同学很容易有厌烦心理，觉得掌握一个意思的一种表达就足够了。这种想偷懒的心态可不对，因为在英语学习中，掌握一个意思的多种表达非常重要，其作用主要体现在以下方面： 1.在阅读理解中，题干或选项通常不会照搬原文原话，而是对其进行同义或近义替换。掌握一个意思的多种表达，是迅速定位出解题依据，准确判断选项说法与原文说法是否一致的重要前提。请看这一道阅读理解题： 例1：Farmland in Africa ________. A. is often small in size B. can produce more than enough crops for Africans C. is short of important nutrients D. has got the attention of scientists around the world 根据文中这一句话“Studies show farmland in Africa is often lacking in important nutrients.”可选出正确答案C。C选项中，使用了be short of…对原文的be lacking in…进行了同义替换。 2. 表达多样化是优秀的书面表达的要求。英文写作中讳忌重复。写作时，应尽量避免上下文重复，使用多样的表达。请看这一篇书面表达的范文片段： 例2： I m writing to apologize for not being able to take a trip to Beijing with you next weekend as we planned beforehand…Again, I want to express my sincere apology for all the inconvenience I have caused. 下文用了express one’s apology for…代替上文的apologize for… 避免行文重复。 一?、动词短语? ? 1.achieve a goal达到目标 = reach a goal 2. attract one’s attention 吸引某人的注意力 = draw one’s attention = catch one’s attention 3. be aware of…意识到 = be conscious of… 4. be based on...以……为基础、依据 = be founded on... 5. be beneficial to…对……有益处 = be of benefit to… 6. be concerned about…担心，烦恼 = be worried about… 7. be concerned with…关系到，关于 = be about… 8. be filled with…充满，挤满 = be full of… 9. be fond of...喜欢 = like 10. be intended to do sth为了做某事 = be meant to do sth 11. be satisfied with…对……感到满意的 = be content with… 12. be short of…缺乏 = lack… = be lacking in… 13. be tired of…对……感到厌倦 = be bored with… = be fed up with… 14. be used to…习惯于 = be accustomed to… 15. burst into laughter突然大笑起来 = burst out laughing 16. burst into tears突然大哭起来 = burst out crying 17. date back to… 追溯到；起源于 = date from… 18. call sb up打电话给某人 = ring sb up = call sb on the phone = phone sb = give sb a call = give sb a ring 19. come about发生 = happen 20. come across…偶然遇到 ?? = meet with… = run into… 21. consist of…由……组成/构成 = be made up of… 22. consult查阅 = refer to 23. depend on…依靠 = rely on… = cou