X射线准直成像技术研究-微电子学与固体电子学专业论文.docxVIP

I I 摘 要 近年来，随着 X 射线光学器件制造工艺的不断发展，应用 X 射线准直器降低因杂 散射线的存在使图像不清晰，来提高图像成像质量的方法得到了普遍认可。X 射线准直 成像技术中主要应用的光学器件有毛细管 X 光透镜、滤线栅和 MCP 全反射准直器等。 射线与物质相互作用过程包括了衰减和散射，散射线对图像质量的影响主要是降低图 像的对比度，降低散射线的最有效方法是采用像端 X 射线准直器。 本论文主要研究 X 射线准直技术对 X 射线成像质量的影响，包括 X 射线焦点尺寸对 成像效果的影响，射线强度与图像质量之间关系，以及通过图像处理技术来补偿因 X 射线衰减带来的图像不清晰问题，从而得到一个系统的结论，证明 X 射线准直技术能 够提高 X 射线图像的成像质量。 关键词：X 射线 微通道板准直器 噪声 帧叠加 II II ABSTRACT In recent years, it has been widely recognized to apply the X-ray collimator on the unclear images caused by stray rays to improve their quality with the continuous development of X -ray optics manufacturing process. The optics involving in the X-ray collimation imaging technology includes capillary X -ray lens, grids, total reflection collimator and so on.The interaction process between rays and matter is consisted of attenuation and scattering. The effect of the scattered radiation on the image quality focuses on the depression of the image contract. The most effective method to reduce the scattered radiation is to adopt the X-ray collimator. The study in this paper focuses on the effect of X-ray collimation imaging technology on the X-ray imaging quality, including the effect of the X-ray focal spot size on the imaging results, the relation between the ray intensity and imaging quality and the compensation of the unclear images caused by X-ray attenuation by applying the image processing technology, thus resulting in the systematic conclusion which proves that the X-ray collimation imaging technology can improve the imaging quality of X-ray image. Key words: X-ray MCP-collimator noise multiframe-superposition III III 目 录 HYPERLINK \l _bookmark0 摘 要 I HYPERLINK \l _bookmark1 ABSTRACT II HYPERLINK \l _bookmark2 目 录 III HYPERLINK \l _bookmark3 第一章 绪 论 1 HYPERLINK \l _bookmark4 1.1 国内外发展现状 1 HYPERLINK \l _bookmark5 1.2 课题来源及意义 1 HYPERLINK \l _bookmark6 1.3 X 射线成像系统组成 2 HYPERLINK \l _bookmark7 1.4 本文主要研究内容 4 HYPERLINK \l _bookmark8 第二章 X 射线成像技术理论基础 5 HYPERLINK \l _bookmark9 2.1