医学ppt课件病理生理学（pathophysiology）疾病概论.pptVIP

(General concept of disease);疾病概论;35 years old man, smokes several packs of cigarettes a day, has three or more drinks every evening, is overweight, and is often anxious. The other does not smoke, drinks alcohol rarely, exercises regularly, and is relaxed and confident. Both people pass all laboratory tests and are declared free of disease. Question Are they equally healthy? ;(Concepts of health and disease); (Concept of health);(Concept of disease);症状 (symptom);体征 (sign);综合征(syndrome); 研究疾病发生的原因与条件及其作用的规律。; (Etiological factors);(Classification of etiological factors);1. 生物性因素(biological factors); 2. 理化性因素;◆ 化学性因素(chemical agents);3. 营养性因素(nutritional factors) ;4. 遗传性因素(hereditary factors);(genetic predisposition) ; (congenital factors);6. 免疫性因素(immunological factors) ;◆自身免疫性疾病(autoimmune disease) ;7. 心理因素(psychological factors);(Precipitating factor of disease) ;◆ 身体条件 ◆ 自然条件 ◆ 社会条件;诱因(predisposing factor);病因;（Pathogenesis） ;(General rules of disease development) ;(The reverse of cause-result in disease process);大失血时的因果交替示意图; (Damage and anti-damage responses);(The basic mechanisms of disease);整体水平;? (Outcome of disease); (一) 完全康复; (二) 不完全康复;二、死亡(Death); 死亡(death); (Criteria for brain death);◆ 颅神经反射消失(absence of cephalic  reflexes) ;(Significance of brain death)