《与工业管理》PPT课件.pptVIP

創新、擴散、與工業管理 Consequences of Innovations consequences, the changes that occur to an individual or to a social system as a result of the adoption or rejection of an innovation. CHAPTER 11 Definition of Diffusion of Innovation the process by which an innovation is communicated through certain channels over time among the members of a social system. - Everett Rogers Management of Technologythe key to competitiveness and wealth creation Technology: all the knowledge, products, processes, tools, methods, and systems employed in the creation of goods or in providing services. (the way we do things.) Tarek Khalil, 2000 (Univ. of Miami) Making Hamburgers at McDonald’s, Burger King, and Wendy’s Everett Rogers (1962) defined Innovation -“An idea, practice, or object perceived as new” Carefully studied new innovations in: Hybrid corn, Television, Manufacturing and Medicine Concluded that “New ideas tend to follow a pattern in entering society” i.e. how they “diffuse” into society Diffusion of Innovation(Rogers,1995) The Adoption Process Many individuals play a role Many factors impact the rate of adoption Leaders in adoption not always in “traditional” leadership roles Innovation characteristics Observability The degree to which the results of an innovation are visible to potential adopters Relative Advantage The degree to which the innovation is perceived to be superior to current practice Compatibility The degree to which the innovation is perceived to be consistent with socio-cultural values, previous ideas, and/or perceived needs Trialability The degree to which the innovation can be experienced on a limited basis Complexity The degree to which an innovation is difficult to use or understand. Successful Diffusion depends on understanding how the needs of adopters will change over time, and how adopters influence each other Cumulative Adoption Curve – The “S Curve” Bass Curve Number of Y