Application of Computer Graphics - Hofstra University：计算机图形学的应用-霍夫斯特拉大学.pptVIP

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Application of Computer Graphics - Hofstra University：计算机图形学的应用-霍夫斯特拉大学.ppt

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Application of Computer Graphics - Hofstra University：计算机图形学的应用-霍夫斯特拉大学

Computer Graphics:Raster Graphics, Image Formation, Color,2D Viewing, First Graphics Program Overview Graphics Architecture Raster Graphics Image formation Human visual system Pinhole camera model Synthetic camera Graphics API (object-viewer-projection) Color Physics of color 3-color theory and display technology Human color perception RGB color model in CG Indexed color model Overview (cont) 2D Viewing Clipping window Viewports Window-to-viewport transformation Simple graphics program Graphics Standard Goal: portability, standard graphics functions are independent of programming language, bindings are defined for various languages GKS, PHIGS, OpenGL, Java3D The standard provides specifications for basic graphics functions. To insure independence and portability, there is no standard for graphics interface to output devices, image formats, or transfer protocols Creating graphics and animation One way to create computer graphics is to use some higher level ready made package Maya Alias|Wavefront 3ds Max () 3D Blender (/) The alternative approach is to “Do it yourself”. This is particularly useful in the design of special applications, e.g. writing computer game engines and scientific visualization packages. It helps to use an Application Programming Interface (API), for example OpenGL, or Direct3D, or Java 3D. APIs are used with a high level programming language. Often even “Do it yourself” graphics involves objects created with high level ready made packages, for example, the characters in a game may be designed with a modeling package and then the meshes are imported in the custom designed game engine. APIs and Device Independent Graphics Programming Using APIs makes it possible to create programs that can be compiled and run on many different graphics platforms. Most APIs are basically libraries of routines that take care of standard tasks like rasterization, hidden surface removal, polygon clipping, projections. Different API levels Lower level APIs (