Aerodynamics - Baseops：空气动力学- baseops.pptVIP

Aerodynamics FF-1/01 Aero Foundations Translating Tendency Ground Effect Translational Lift Transverse Flow Dissymmetry of Lift Drag Total Aerodynamic Force Aero in Autorotations Huey Hovering Nose High 5o Mast tilt CG Forward / Aft Left Skid Low Translating Tendency Antitorque (Tail Rotor) Pushes Tail to the Right (Nose - Left) Thrust also pushes fuselage right, below the CG Compensated for by left cyclic Thus, left skid lower than right skid Translating Tendency Ground Effect Practically speaking, experienced up to one rotor disk above the ground. In ground effect hover power up to 30% less than out of ground effect. Why? Primary: Reduction in downward velocity of induced flow caused by proximity of the ground Secondary: Disruption in size and number of wing tip vortices (downward and outward flow of air discourages vortex formation) The Transition to Directional Flight Because hovering is fun, but it isn’t getting us anywhere. Translational Lift Additional lift because of horizontal movement with respect to the air Airflow transitions from vertical at a hover to more horizontal in forward flight Modifies induced flow changing the resultant RW and increasing the AOA Translational Lift Effective Translational Lift(ETL) Definition The point at which the aircraft outruns its own downwash Results: Lift increases with no collective change Roll - right; Nose - up Pitch up and Roll Caused by: Transverse Flow Dissymmetry of Lift Transverse Flow Effect Definition A condition of increased drag and decreased lift in the aft portion of the rotor disk caused by the air having a greater induced velocity and reduced angle of attack in the aft portion of the disk. Transverse Flow Effect Transverse Flow Effect More lift in front half of rotor disk Less lift in rear half Dissymmetry of Lift The difference in lift between the advancing half and the retreating half of the rotor disk Dissymmetry of Lift Dissymmetry of Lift Result Nose pitches up Referred to as “Blowback”