Police Discreion University of Minnesota Duluth警察自由裁量权明尼苏达大学德卢斯.pptVIP

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Police Discreion University of Minnesota Duluth警察自由裁量权明尼苏达大学德卢斯.ppt

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Police Discreion University of Minnesota Duluth警察自由裁量权明尼苏达大学德卢斯

Key Policing Areas History Description Discretion Arrest decision Use of Force Brutality Police Personality Community Policing The Courts “I know you’ve been sworn and I have read your complaints” Judge Wapner The Judicial (Courts) System PUROPOSE? Formally charge Pre-trial Detainment? Determine guilt or innocence Impose a sentence Hear appeals The Structure of the Courts State Courts Layers of Trial Courts (Superior and inferior) Appellate courts Supreme court Federal Courts Trial courts Federal Appeals courts “District courts” The Supreme Court Who are the “players” in the judicial system? Prosecutor Defense Attorneys Judges The Prosecutor Represents the state in criminal matters Federal = Attorney general and U.S. attorneys State = District or State attorney Prosecutorial Discretion (400# Gorilla) Whether or not to charge specific charge Decision to drop case May enter and end plea negotiations The Defense Attorney Private Attorneys (Johnny Cochran) Sixth Amendment right to counsel Attorney list system Contracting with law firm Public defenders system (large, urban) Roughly ? of state inmates were represented by publicly funded attorneys Role of the Defense Represent their client in a vigorous, adversarial manner Investigate incident, interview client/witnesses, represent client at all proceedings, negotiate plea with district attorney Conflict of interest? The Devil’s Advocate Low pay and conflict of interest = burnout The Judge During Trial Rule on questions of procedure (how to question witnesses, rules of evidence) May determine guilt in a bench trial After trial or plea bargain Responsible for determining sentence Is the process really “adversarial?” Sam Walker’s “Wedding Cake” Model Celebrated cases may approach ideal of an adversarial process Lower “layers” = administrative rather than adversarial Judge, defense, and prosecutor have a shared understanding of what a case is “worth” The Courtroom Workgroup Term coined by Malcolm Feeley Judge