Chapter 3 Stress and Stress oderators3章压力及版主.pptVIP

Chapter 3: Stress and Stress Moderators Dr. M. Davis-Brantley Stress Stress is an event that exerts physical and psychological force or pressure on a person An organism is required to adjust, adapt, or cope when a stressor is applied Eustress is healthy and helpful stress Bad stress is too taxing and can lead to poor mood, impair our ability to experience pleasure, and harm our bodies Physiology of Stress Fight or Flight Response A survival mechanism in humans and most animals which prepares us to deal with physical danger Importance of Homeostasis Fight or Flight Response Fight or Flight Limitations System should only be elicited in the event of actual physical danger Daily stressor begins to elicit an autonomic response Heart rate increases when boss calls you into their office Past stressors used to have a clear beginning and end this is not the case currently Sources of Stress: Daily Hassles Daily hassles is the term for routine sources of annoyance or aggravation that have a negative impact on health Household hassles (meals, shopping) Health (illness, medication) Time pressure (having too many things to do) Inner concern (being lonely fearful of confrontation) Environmental (crime, neighborhood deterioration) Financial responsibility (mortgage, bills) Work (job dissatisfaction, problems with coworkers) Future security (concerns about job security, investments, retirement) Sources of Stress: Life Changes Getting married, moving to a new town, getting a new job, divorce, death, etc… Unlike hassles, life changes can be positive These require adjustment but too much too soon can lead to health problems Holmes and Rahe (1967) found that those with too many life changes in one year were at greater risk for health problems 8 out of 10 would develop health problems vs. 1 out of 3 without so many life changes Acculturative Stress Acculturative Stress feelings of tension and anxiety that accompany efforts to adapt to or adopt the orientation and values of the d