专业英语Wors roots andparts.pptVIP

Word Roots and Parts --Academic English (2) Knowing word roots can help you with scientific English The words are created from combinations using roots or stems, prefixes, and suffixes, particularly those from Latin and Greek. Scientific English has a larger vocabulary than conventional English because scientific English employs: Science words unfamiliar to people in the general population; Professional words not normally used in everyday conversation and writing; Phrases specific to areas of science; As well as everyday English when structuring sentences. Some prefixes are common to all science disciplines Prefix Basic meaning (English) Basic meaning (Chinese) Word examples a-,an- without, lack of 无，缺少 asymmetrical, anisotropic aero- air 与空气有关的 aerodynamic anti- against, opposite 反对的，相反的 antifreeze aqua-, aque- water 与水有关的 aqueduct audi- hear, listen 与听觉有关的 audible, audience, auditorium auto- self, directed from within 自动的，自身的 automatic bi- two 两个 bifurcation cent- hundred 百 centigrade, centimetre centr- centre 中心的 central circu- around, about 周围，围绕 circumference, circular Some prefixes are common to all science disciplines Prefix Basic meaning (English) Basic meaning (Chinese) Word examples co-,com-, con-,cor- together, with 共同的，与一起 coordinate, combine, concentration de- away from, undo 使离开，除去 decompose, degenerate deca-, dec- ten 十 decade, decimal di- twice, two 两次，二 divergence dia- through, across 穿过 diameter, diaphragm dis- not, apart,negative 不，否 disagree, disconnect dys- wrong 错误的，不正常 dystrophic, dysentery en- in, within 内部，里面 envelope, enclosed equi-, equa- equal 平等，相等 equilibrium, equivalent, equation, equator flu- flow 流体 fluid, fluidics Some prefixes are common to all science disciplines Prefix Basic meaning (English) Basic meaning (Chinese) Word examples geo- earth 与地球有关的 geography, geophysics hemi-, semi- half 一半 hemisphere, semiconductor hetero- different 不同的 heterotrophic homo- same 相同的 homogeneous hyper- above, excessive 过度的，过量的 hyperelastic hypo-