2018年中考语法系列(一).docx

2018中考语法系列(一)一般现在时（The Simple Present Tense）一. 一般现在时有三种形式1.?谓语是be（am/is/are）的一般现在时。?①肯定形式：主语+be+表语（形容词、名词充当表语）。I am hungry.You are beautiful.He is a doctor.②否定形式：主语+be+not+表语（形容词、名词充当表语）。I am not hungry.You arent beautiful.He isnt a doctor.③一般疑问句形式：Be+主语+表语（形容词、名词充当表语）?肯定回答：Yes,主语+be.? 否定回答：No, 主语+ be+not.—Are you hungry?—Yes，I am./No,Im not.—Is he a doctor?—Yes, he is./No, he isn,t.④特殊疑问句形式：特殊疑问词+Be开头的一般疑问句?—What is he?—He is a doctor.注意：be要随着主语变。?2. 谓语动词是实义动词（及物动词或不及物动词）的一般现在时。①肯定形式：“主语+及物动词+宾语”或“主语+不及物动词”。She has a little brother.她有一个弟弟。The sun rises in the east.太阳从东方升起。②否定形式：“主语+dont/doesnt+及物动词+宾语”或“主语+dont/doesnt+不及物动词”。She doesnt have a little brother.她没有弟弟。I dont eat every morning.我每天早晨都不吃饭。③一般疑问句形式：“Do/Does+主语+及物动词原形+宾语”或“Do/Does+主语+不及物动词原形”。肯定回答：Yes,主语+do/does.? 否定回答是：No, 主语+ dont/doesnt.—Do you eat every morning?—Yes, I do./No, I dont.—Does she have a little brother?—Yes, she does./No, she doesnt.④特殊疑问句：特殊疑问词+do/does开头的一般疑问句？What do you like?When do you go to school?注意：根据主语确定用do还是does。3. 谓语是情态动词can/may...+动词原形的一般现在时。①肯定形式：主语+情态动词can/may.....+动词原形+宾语。I can finish my homework.②否定形式：主语+情态动词can/may.....+not+动词原形+宾语。I cant finish my homework.③一般疑问句形式：情态动词Can/May.....+主语+动词原形+主语+宾语。肯定回答是：Yes,主语+情态动词.? 否定回答是：No, 主语+ 情态动词+not.—Can you finish your homework?—Yes，I can./No, I cant.④特殊疑问句形式：特殊疑问词+情态动词can/may.....开头的一般疑问句？—What can you do?—I can do my homework.注意：情态动词can/may.....+动词原形。二. 一般现在时的用法1.?一般现在时表示现在的状态 ；表示经常性或习惯性的动作；表示主语具备的性格和能力；表示客观事实或普遍真理等。例如：He is twelve.?他十二岁了。I go to school at seven every day.?我每天七点去上学。They can speak Japanese.?他们会说日语。2.?一般现在时常和表示时间的频度副词连用。如：often, usually, sometimes, always, never等。例如：I often read books in the evening.我经常在晚上读书。Do they usually go to school by bike??他们通常骑自行车去上学吗？He doesn’t like milk. He never drinks it.?他不喜欢牛奶。他从来不喝它。Sometimes my mother gets back at five.?有时候妈妈五点钟回来。3.?一般现在时也常和以下时间表达法连用。如：in the morning, in the afternoon, in the evening, at noon, at night, every day, on Sunday(s), at seven 等。例如：Do they have math in the mor