郑伯埙-家長式領導全方位研究取徑.pdfVIP

Paternalistic Leadership in the Chinese Contexts: A Full-Cycle Indigenous Approach Bor-Shiuan Cheng Department of Psychology National Taiwan University Forum on Case-Based Research in Management Renmin University of China, November 14th, 2009 The movie “Brokeback Mountain” directed by Lee, Ang won the Oscar Best Director Award but missed the Best Picture. Why? 2 Multiculturalism Conflict and Harmony “In the Oscar Best Picture nomination “Crash”, conflicts appear every minute. However, “Brokeback Mountain” almost leveled down the conflicts to the lowest. There’s always spacious sky. Comparing the littleness of human beings by revealing the boundless sky and varying clouds, Ang Lee illustrated the harmonious relationship between human and the nature. The intense, internal struggle of the main characters is only presented by the image of sheep, perhaps the most peaceful animal in the world. This is the Aesthetica of the East, the drama of the East. Tenderness and softness reveal infinite power.” (Shin, 2006). 3 Multiculturalism 衝突與和諧 沒有衝突 、不是戲劇，這是西方自古的傳統。在古希臘時代，所謂的 悲劇就是從一連串的衝突開始，人與天的衝突 、個人與命運的衝突…一個 充滿衝突的情境，特別適用於戲劇創作，因為，戲劇壯烈的美可以透過衝 突達到最高的巔峰…所以，沒有衝突 ，就沒有戲劇。看看奧斯卡最佳影片 獎「Crash 」，一分鐘就一個衝突 、一分鐘就一個衝突 。 李安的「斷背山」沒有這種衝突 ，他幾乎把衝突降到最低。他藉著 「空」來削弱這個元素，影片中總是展現非常空闊的天，他把天拉長、也 把人拉長。在展現天的無限、雲的變化之中，來呈現人的渺小，表現人與 天的和諧關係。在廣闊的天地中，李安選擇了羊，他藉著羊表現人的心靈 活動，窸窸窣窣、窸窸窣窣…心靈融化所有人間的衝突 ，展現出一份柔和 、一份深情─這就是東方的美學、東方的戲劇。在柔情似水中，同樣擁有 無限的力量。(修改自辛意雲，2006) 對美國影評人而言，以和諧概念詮釋衝突的題材，這是高難度且難以 想像的，因而李安獲得了導演獎；可是，沒有以衝突詮釋衝突，將衝突發 揮到極致，也是影片未獲青睞的理由。 Culture an