国际会计英文课件.pptVIP

Key terms assumption 假设 principle 原则 economic entity 经济主体 going concern 持续经营 monetary unit 货币单位 periodicity 分期 cash basis 现金收付制，收付实现制 accrual basis 应计制，权责发生制 matching 配比 full disclosure 充分披露 conservatism 稳健性 materiality 重要性 industry practice 行业惯例 FASB The mission of the Financial accounting standard board （FASB）is to establish and improve standards of financial accounting and reporting. Since 1970’s ,the FASB has issued a set of conceptual framework to be a basis for setting standards and for resolving controversies. FASB Financial accounting standard board works with SEC and AICPA to determine how accounting is practiced. The objective of accounting (FASB) 1.to provide information that is useful to present and potential investors and creditors and other users in making rational investment, credit, and similar decision. 2.to provide information to help present and potential investors and creditors and other users in assessing(估定) the amounts,timing, and uncertainty of prospective（预期的） cash receipts from dividends or interest and the proceeds（收益） from the sale, redemption（赎回） or maturity（到期） of securities（证券） or loans. 3.to provide information about the economic resources of an enterprise, the claims（要求权） to those resources,and the effects of transactions,events,and circumstances that change its resources and claims to those resources. An entity normally will keep on going from one year to the next. The going-concern concept holds that in the absence of evidence to the contrary .Only where liquidation appears imminent(即将发生的) is the assumption inapplicable. 5. The Accrual Basis Concept An item is material if its inclusion or omission would influence or change the judgment of a reasonable person. If the amount is so small that it is quite unimportant when compared with other items,application of a particular standard may be considered of less importance. Industry practice The peculiar nature of some industries requires departure from basic theory