sar图像导航定位测速技术研究-research on sar image navigation, positioning and velocity measurement technology.docx

摘要合成孔径雷达（Synthetic Aperture Radar,SAR）是一种主动式微波成像传感器， 可在能见度极差的气象条件下得到高分辨率雷达图像。将 SAR 技术应用于导航， 一方面可有效提高全天候、全天时的导航能力，另一方面，可以提高复杂环境下 的飞行器高精度导航的自主性和抗干扰能力。本文在目前国内外广泛研究 SAR 导航的背景下，着重研究了 SAR 图像导航定 位测速技术。在进行了总体方案设计的基础上，分别研究了 SAR 图像导航定位和 测速技术，并根据实际挂飞图像数据进行了图像序列导航定位测速方法研究。本文主要工作如下：1，对 SAR 图像导航定位测速系统进行了总体方案设计，主要包括系统工作 原理、流程和总体结构设计。2，研究了 SAR 图像导航定位和测速方法，实现了基于斜距交会和基于方位 门的两种 SAR 定位方法。提出了基于惯导修正、结合角度斜距和结合多普勒参数 的三种 SAR 测速方法。3，研究了图像序列导航定位测速方法，包括利用实际挂飞可见光/红外图像数 据进行了图像序列测速算法的验证，提出了一种弹载条件仿真方法，并进行了卡 尔曼滤波在图像序列导航定位测速方法上的应用研究。主题词：SAR 图像图像序列定位和测速惯导修正卡尔曼滤波ABSTRACTSynthetic Aperture Radar is a voluntary microwave imaging sensor, and it can provide radar image with high resolving power in bad visibility weather. Applying SAR technology to navigation, on the one hand, can provide effectively all-weather and all-day navigation. On the other hand, it can heighten the independence and anti-jamming ability of aircraft navigation in complex environment.In the background of broad research of SAR navigation, this thesis studies the technology of SAR image navigation position and speed measuring, designs the whole project, researches position and speed measuring technology of SAR image navigation, and conducts image sequence navigation position and speed measuring technique research by using real flight image data.The main tasks of this thesis include three sections:1, The project design of SAR image navigation position and speed measuring system which includes principle、flow and whole frame design has been made.2, The SAR image position and speed measuring is researched. The two position measuring methods which are distance intersection and based on azimuth door are implemented. This paper also poses three speed measuring methods which are based on INS correction, angle and distance calculating and doppler parameter combining.3, The image sequence navigation position and speed measuring method is researched. The speed measuring arithmetic by using image sequence is testified by the real visible light/inf