第二讲词语意义与功能对等.pptVIP

汉英翻译中词语的处理 意义对等与功能对等 在翻译中，意义对等是第一位的， 同时要考虑功能对等 汉英词汇的语义关系 one-to-none relationship salad ,teenager, red meat (meat that is distinctively red in its raw state, as beef or lamb), white meat (meat that is distinctively white in its raw state, as pork or chicken), predator, scavenger, prey, 知识青年 school leavers; middle school graduates; 大龄青年 single youth above the normal matrimonial age pseudo one-to-one relationship 黑书 forbidden book, banned book, (*black book) 白酒 liquor(*white wine) 小生意 business with a small capital(*small business) 红眼病pink eyed(designative), green-eyed, jealous (associative) heartman 心脏移植者 （×有心的人） fat farm 减肥中心 （×脂肪农场） loneliness industry 为孤独人服务的福利行业 （×孤独工业） 白手起家 start from scratch; build up from nothing (×white-handed partly overlapped relationship 大学 university, (college) 果品 fruit (fresh and dried fruits and nuts) 总统 president (还指校长、主席、董事长、行长) 妻子 wife （还指太太、内人、爱人、夫人、贤内助、内当家的） designative meaning 指称意义：体现语言符号与所指对象之间的关系 the sun太阳, the sky天空, No smoking禁止吸烟 The spirit of translation of designative meaning is being accurateness. Literal translation: 芦笛岩是桂林最精彩的岩洞。 Reed Flute is the most magnificent of all in Guilin. *ludiyan False friends 常规科学 Normal science *conventional science 入学 To be enrolled in *to start school 新闻照片 Press photo *News photo 白酒 Liquor/spirits *white wine (白葡萄酒) 红眼 pink eye(designative), to be green-eyed(pragmatic)， red eye*苏格兰廉价的威士忌酒 减肥操 Slimnastics *reducing weight/ Fat exercise 街道妇女 housewives of residential areas *street women妓女 栏目和节目名称： 东方时空 Oriental Horizon 人与自然 People and Nature 音乐桥 Music Bridge 国际影院 International Cinema 环球45分钟 Around the Globe in 45 Minutes 组织、机构、公司名称： 世界知识产权组织 World Intellectual Property Organization 中华全国青年联合会 All-China Federation of Youth 中华全国妇女联合会 All-China Women’s Federation 中华全国总工会 All-China Federation of Trade Union 中国国际贸易促进会 China Council for the Promotion of International Trade 海关总署 General Customs Administration 中国商品检验局 Commodity Inspection Bur