mending wall的修辞手法与结构.ppt

《修墙》的结构与修辞手法 by 曹昱奇 Mending Wall is a metaphorical(隐喻的 ) poem written in blank verse, published in 1914, by Robert Frost (1874–1963). The poem appeared as the first selection in Frosts second collection of poetry, North of Boston. It is set in the countryside and is about one man questioning why he and his neighbor must rebuild the stone wall dividing their farms each spring. The neighbor rebuilds the wall without question, quoting Good fences make good neighbors, a line listed by the Oxford Dictionary of Quotations as a mid 17th century proverb. But Frosts narrator questions the proverb, noting that neither his apple trees nor his neighbors pine trees are likely to encroach on the others property. He says, Before I built a wall Id ask to know / What I was walling in or walling out / And to whom I was like to give offense. He also observes, both at the poems opening and again midway through the poem, Something there is that doesnt love a wall, referring to the forces of nature that bring a wall to decay and require it to be repaired and rebuilt. But the neighbor is not receptive to the narrators doubts, quoting again at the poems close that Good fences make good neighbors. 美国著名诗人罗伯特·弗罗斯特(Robert Frost)的许多名诗朴实无华但却意味隽永，读起来总让读者“以快乐开始，以智慧结束”。他的诗以简洁、平实、富于幽默的语言描绘了新英格兰乡村的美丽风光与生活，使得无数国内外读者陶醉。因此，许多批评家常将他当作乐观的“乡村哲学家”，他的诗也被认为是普通、简单的自然诗。然而， “如果仅仅认为弗罗斯特的诗只是提供了简单的日常生活哲理及美国式的智慧，那就是再愚蠢不过了； 同样，如果因为他的诗易读而觉得浅显，也是个错误。即便是那些着意描写普通乡村风景的诗??也可能极为深奥、复杂。” 本文试图就此作出分析，即：弗罗斯特的许多诗貌似简单，实则蕴意深邃。需要仔细研读，反复推敲，才能挖掘其丰富内涵。 批评家大卫·A·索恩和理查德·H·苔尔在解 读这首诗时提出了可以把它当作“政治宣传，社会 分析或诗人对人与人，人与劳动之间关系”的看 法； 马里恩 蒙哥马利从另一角度在《修墙》中发 现了某种“屏障，它可以作为相互理解，相互尊重 的支撑”； 美国当代著名精神分析批评和读者反应批评家诺 曼·N·霍兰德则用精神分析方法将该诗诠释为“婴儿 期要打破标志着分裂的自我之墙，以回归到与人 亲密状态之中的臆想”。 揭示人类对于任何自然的或人为 的墙界所持有的矛盾心态以及对 于理解、和平和自由的向往，而 诗人匠心独运，寓意于诗歌的结 构与词法之中，令人、读后回味 无穷。 《修墙》一诗的句法结构安排可谓独具匠心，通过戏剧化的对比和反复，使该诗的主题得以加强。请看下面两行揭示主题的诗句：(1)Something there is that doesn’t love a wall．(2)Good