中级财务会计存货估值：以成本为基础的基本方法.ppt

Not Cost = 450 Market = 440 Ceiling = 480 (540 – 60) Replacement Cost = 440 Floor = 372 (480-(540 x 20%)) LCM = 440 Lower-of-Cost-or-Market LO 1 Describe and apply the lower-of-cost-or-market rule. Not Not Cost = 830 Market = 630 Ceiling = 810 (900 – 90) Replacement Cost = 610 Floor = 630 (810-(900 x 20%)) LCM = 630 Lower-of-Cost-or-Market LO 1 Describe and apply the lower-of-cost-or-market rule. Not Not Cost = 960 Market = 1,000 Ceiling = 1,070 (1,200 – 130) Replacement Cost = 1,000 Floor = 830 (1,070-(1,200 x 20%)) LCM = 960 Lower-of-Cost-or-Market LO 1 Describe and apply the lower-of-cost-or-market rule. Not Lower-of-Cost-or-Market LO 1 Describe and apply the lower-of-cost-or-market rule. How LCM Works (Individual Items) Illustration 9-4 Lower-of-Cost-or-Market LO 1 Describe and apply the lower-of-cost-or-market rule. Methods of Applying LCM 如果不是对每一项存货用LCM，而是对大类，甚至对所有存货总额用LCM，那么一些存货市价的上升，会掩盖另一些的下降。 Lower-of-Cost-or-Market LO 1 Describe and apply the lower-of-cost-or-market rule. Methods of Applying LCM Illustration 9-6 LO 1 Describe and apply the lower-of-cost-or-market rule. Lower-of-Cost-or-Market Recording LCM (data from Illus. 9-5 and 9-6) Ending inventory (cost) $ 415,000 Ending inventory (LCM) 350,000 Adjustment to LCM $ 65,000 Allowance on inventory 65,000 Loss on inventory 65,000 Inventory 65,000 Cost of goods sold 65,000 Allowance Method Direct Method LO 1 Describe and apply the lower-of-cost-or-market rule. Lower-of-Cost-or-Market Balance Sheet Presentation LO 1 Describe and apply the lower-of-cost-or-market rule. Lower-of-Cost-or-Market Income Statement Presentation Ending inventory-decreased, beginning inventory- no change, COGS- increased 损失发生当期而非销售期将其费用化。另一方面，只是在销售时，才确认资产价值的上升。处理方法不一致。 “正常利润”，主观的计量为盈余操纵提供了空间。 在资产负债表中，LCW谨慎地计量了存货，但它对损益表的影响可能是谨慎的，也可能不是 。 缺陷: Lower-of-Cost-or-Market LO 1 Describe and apply the lower-of-cost-or-market rule. 对LCW原则的评价 许多财物报表的使用者都高度评价了LCW原则: 防止高估存货 确认了全部的损失而没有预计利得，将会带来更低的收益. Lower-of-Cost-or-Market LO 1 Des