集中控制水电站群安全评价体系分析及实践-analysis and practice of safety evaluation system for centralized control hydropower stations.docx
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集中控制水电站群安全评价体系分析及实践-analysis and practice of safety evaluation system for centralized control hydropower stations
摘要水电站运行的安全性一直是社会及国家所关注的焦点问题,也是近年来水电站研究的核心问题。尤其是近几年来,在新的水电开发模式——集中控制水电站群(以下简称“集控水电站群”)逐渐成为水电开发主要形式的情况下,如何对集控水电站群进行安全评价、构建集控水电站群安全评价体系已成为整个行业亟待解决的问题。本文正是在这种背景之下,通过对集控水电站群实地调研,运用系统工程、系统安全工程等相关理论知识对集控水电站群安全评价现状、特点、安全评价指标体系的构建、安全评价方法及安全评价体系构建等关键性技术进行了系统的研究,并取得一定的研究成果。本文研究成果对于我国集控水电站群安全评价的研究具有一定的指导意义及实用价值。论文前期阶段,通过对国内数十家集控水电站群的调研,本文对集控水电站群的组成、运行特征以及安全现状等内容进行了深入细致的研究及分析,总结了集控水电站群安全评价的内容及需求;在此基础上,基于系统工程、系统安全工程等相关理论,构建了集控水电站群安全评价指标体系,将安全影响因素归为运维作业因素、设备安全因素、人因安全因素以及安全管理因素四大类,并分别对这四大类影响因素进行了进一步的细化及分析。整个安全评价指标体系紧密结合集控水电站群的结构组成及运行特点,突出了对远程集控系统、安全调度等内容的评价。同时,本文基于可拓层次分析法对集控水电站群安全评价指标体系中各指标的权重值进行了计算。在集控水电站群安全评价指标体系的基础之上,本文基于模糊综合评价理论构建了集控水电站群安全评价模型,并且结合“PDCA质量循环”等相关理论对安全评价的运行模式、安全评价流程及关键点控制等内容进行了详细的描述,形成一套有效的集控水电站群安全评价体系。最后,在集控水电站群安全评价体系理论研究的基础之上,本文还基于ASP.NET平台及SQLServer数据库开发技术对集控水电站群安全评价原型系统进行开发并给出应用实例。关键词:集中控制,水电站群,安全评价,模糊可拓层次分析ABSTRACTIt’snodoubtthatsafetyisthemostimportantissueforthehydropowerstationgroup,especiallyinrecentyears,thecentralizedcontrolhydropowerstationgrouphasbecomethemainmodeofhydropowerdevelopment.Howtoevaluatethesafetyofthecentralizedcontrolhydropowerstationgroupandbuildthesystemofsafetyevaluationhasbeenaproblemforthehydropowerindustry.Underthisbackground,thispaperappliedtheSystemEngineeringandSystemSafetyEngineeringintotheresearchonkeytechniqueofsafetyevaluation,suchastheanalysisofthecentralizedcontrolhydropowerstationgroup,themodelofthesafetyevaluationandthesystemofsafetyevaluation.Andtheresearchresultsofthispaperwillcontributetotheimprovementofcentralizedcontrolhydropowerstationgroupsafetyevaluation.Intheearlystagesoftheresearch,thispaperhadlucubratedthecompositionandoperatecharacteristicsofthecentralizedcontrolhydropowerstationgroupbyinvestigatingmorethan10hydropowercompanies.Thenbasedontheinvestigation,thepaperclassifiedthesafetyinfluencefactorsasoperationandmaintancefactors,equipmentsafetyfactors,humanfactors,andsafetymanagementfactors,andalsodoadeeplyresearchandanalysisonthem,buildthesafetyevaluationindexsystem.Theindexsystemisaimingatthecharacteristicso
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