专题七动词的时态与语态知识梳理.docxVIP

专题七. 动词的时态与语态知识梳理知识点一 现在时态 一般现在时现在时态 现在进行时 现在完成时一般现在时的用法概念：(1)表示经常性或习惯性动作、客观事实或存在的状态,常与表示频度的副词连用。常用的频度副词有： always、often、 usually、seldom、never、every day、 twice a week。频度副词在句中通常放在行为动词之前，系动词、助动词之后。 例如: As we all know, the earth moves around the sun. 众所周知，地球围着太阳转。He often goes swimming in summer.他夏天经常游泳。I usually leave home for school at 7 every morning. 每天早上我七点离开家。(2)表示现在的状态。 例如：My father is at work.He is very busy. 我父亲在工作，他很忙。(3)表示主语具备的性格、特征和能力等。例如：All my family love football .我全家人都喜欢足球。(4)如果主句是一般将来时，那么时间条件等状语从句中用一般现在时表示将来。If it rains tomorrow , I won’t go there.构成：一般现在时的结构在一般情况下用动词原形，当主语是第三人称单数时，谓语动词也要相应变成单数形式，其否定式、疑问式要加助动词do或does。例如：Miss?Gao?teaches?us?English.?Does?your?mother?work?in?a?factory？动词的第三人称单数变化规则情况规则例词一般情况加-seats ; rises以s, sh, ch, x, o, z结尾的动词加-esdiscuss discussesteach teaches以辅音字母加y结尾的动词变y为iescarry carriesfly flies不规则变化be is have has写出下列动词的第三人称单数形式 work__________ read__________ clean__________ write______ teach__________ wash__________ guess__________ watch_____go__________ do___________ study__________ fly__________ cry__________ play________ have__________标志：一般现在时常与下列表示频率的副词或短语连用：always, usually, often, sometimes, seldom, never, twice a week, on Sundays等。 【巧思妙用】It won’t be long before such a thing ___________ (happen)again.He won’t speak to her unless she ___________ (apologize)to him.My parents _________ (live) in Hong Kong. They were born there and have never lived anywhere else .现在进行时的用法概念：1.表示现在（说话的瞬间）正在进行或发生的动作，强调“此时此刻”或现阶段正在进行的动作。E.g. He is reading. They are talking now. They are working these days. 2.表示按预定的计划或即将发生的动作。(主要是表示位置移动的动词：come ; go; arrive ; leave ; begin ; take off ; stop 等)E.g I am coming.3.与always, forever , constantly , continually 等词连用，表示赞赏或厌恶等感情色彩。He is always helping others. 他总是乐于帮助他人。用进行时表示渐变过程。The food is getting cold. 食物变凉了。构成：be (am / is /are )+ v-ing 现在分词的变化规则情况规则例词一般情况加-ingtry trying以一个辅音字母结尾的重读闭音节动词双写辅音字母加-ingbegin beginningban banning以不发音的e结尾的动词去掉e，加-inglike likingmake m