英美概况第五章英国部分 England under the Tudors.pptVIP

Chapter V England Under the Tudors -----transitional stage from feudalism to capitalism Henry VII (1485—1509) Henry VIII (1509—1547) Elizabeth I (1558—1603) The English Renaissance (1450—1600) Henry VII (1485—1509) 1. the Star Chamber 2. organize an efficient tax system, built up the Privy Council (枢密院） 3. increase the powers of the JP 4. encourage the weaving industry 5. encourage adventurous merchants to explore new lands The Court of Star Chamber was a court of law which evolved from meetings of the kings royal council. Although its roots go back to the medieval period, the court only became powerful as a separate entity during the reign of Henry VII. In 1487 the court became a judicial body separate from the kings council, with a mandate to hear petitions of redress. The Court of Star Chamber was named for the star pattern painted on the ceiling of the room at Westminster Palace where its meetings were held. Westminster, London, the Star Chamber The reign of Henry VIII (1509—1547) ------the reformation of the church 1. Reason: 2. Pretext: 3. actions: The reign of Henry VIII (1509—1547) ------the reformation of the church 1. Reason: the church of the Middle Ages was hindering the social and political progress of England. 2. Pretext: Henry VIII’s divorce question Henry VIII, born in 1491, was the second son of Henry VII and Elizabeth of York. The significance of Henrys reign is, at times, overshadowed by his six marriages: dispensing with these forthwith enables a deeper search into the major themes of the reign. He married Catherine of Aragon (widow of his brother, Arthur) in 1509, divorcing her in 1533; the union produced one daughter, Mary. Henry m