英语专业 词汇学-CHAPTER 3.pptVIP

03-08-08 Jianbin Cui: A Study On Modern English Linguistics 3.1 What is Word? Lexicon-----Vocanbulary----Word Lexicon in linguistics refers to vocabulary contrasted with grammar. Vocabulary is the total number of words that make up a language. 3.1 What is Word? The ancient Greek philosopher Aristotle defined words as the smallest significant units of speech. According to Leonard Bloomfield`s point of view, a word is a minimum free form, that is to say, the smallest form that may appear in isolation. 3.1 What is Word? Every word has a fixed sound form and a certain meaning. In other words, a word has two aspects: the external aspect (sound), the internal aspect (meaning). A word is a unity of sound and meaning. A word is a fundamental structure unit of a sentence. The relation between the meaning of a word and its sound is arbitrary or conventional. 3.1 What is Word? WORD is a unit of expression that has universal intuitive recognition by native-speakers, whether it is expressed in spoken or written form. This definition is, perhaps, a bit vague, as there are different criteria with regard to its identification and definition. It follows that it is hard to define “word” in the scientific sense. Nevertheless, it is agreed that three senses are involved in defining “word “. 3.2 Three Senses of “Word” WORD may be seen as a cluster of sound segments or letters between two pauses or blanks. (A physically definable unit) WORD is the common factor underlying a set of forms, a unit of vocabulary, a lexical item, or alexeme.( the common factor underlying a set of forms) WORD is a comparably abstract unit to be set up to show how words work in the grammar of a language.( a grammatical unit) 3.3 Identification of Words The three senses of word are helpful in defining word, however, there are other factors which help us to identify words. Stability Words are the most stable of all linguistics units, that is the constituent parts of a complex word have pote