2010.11，公选Chapter 1，Unit 1. 翻译定义 .pptVIP

Chapter One A General Introduction to Translation Unit One Definitions of Translation Question: What meanings are implied in the word “translation”? The answer to “what is translation?” depends on how we interpret the word “translation”, for the very word “translation” itself is ambiguous, and the Chinese equivalent “翻译” sounds even fuzzier. 翻译 may either stand for a subject of the curriculum, a job people engage in, a piece of literary work, or the translating or interpreting work itself. Sometimes, “翻译” may even refer to the translator or interpreter himself/ herself. There are three distinguishable meanings for the term “translation”. It can refer to: 1. translating: the process (to translate; the activity rather than the tangible object ); 2. a translation: the product of the process of translating (i.e. the translated text); 3. translation: the abstract concept which encompasses both the process of translating and the product of that process. (Bell, Translation and Translating: Theory and Practice: 13) 有关翻译和翻译者的比喻： 1. 世界上全部交际来往中最重要、最高贵的事业之一。（歌德） 2. 意大利谚语：Traduttore, traditore. 翻译即叛逆。 3. 翻译犹如女人，漂亮便不忠实，忠实便不漂亮。 4. 理想的译者应成为一块玻璃，透明得让读者感觉不到他的存在。（果戈理） 5. 把翻译看作是”译者摆布文本的一个过程。（Susan Bassnett） 6. 翻译更像是把灵魂从一个人的身上取下来置入另一个人的身上去。（美国的一位翻译家） 7. 翻译如婚姻，是一种两相妥协的艺术。（余光中） 8.翻译的过程即是原作失去童贞的过程，翻译是对原作的粗暴侵犯。 （西方著名翻译理论家、哲学家德里达） 9. 人类精神的传递者（A courier of the human spirits） （普希金） 10. 翻译者“像一位雕塑家用雕塑再现油画作品的形象”（A sculptor who tries to recreate a work of painting）. 11. 翻译家是“珍宝的发现者”（a discoverer of valuable treasures）或是“掘金者”（a digger for gold） 12. 翻译家应被看作是忙碌的媒人。他对一位还半遮着面的美人大加赞赏，说她真值得我们倾心。媒人就这样激起了我们对美人的爱慕，一定要对她本来的长相看个究竟。（歌德） 14. 把一个酒瓶里的酒倒到另一个酒瓶里去（pouring wine from one bottle into another）. (西方的翻译家) 15. Traduttori-traditori （Translators are traitors） 16. A straitjacketed dancer Questions: How Translation Came into Being? How comes that there are so many languages in the world? The Story of Babel巴别塔的故事 那时，诺亚的后代都使用同一种语言。他们从东边迁移并定居在一个叫做希纳尔的地方