Chapter 7 Project Quality Management[精品].ppt

* * 3.Quality Control Charts, Six Sigma, and the Seven Run Rule A control chart is a graphic display of data that illustrates the results of a process over time. It helps prevent defects and allows you to determine whether a process is in control or out of control Operating at a higher sigma value, like 6 sigma, means the product tolerance or control limits have less variability The seven run rule states that if seven data points in a row are all below the mean, above the mean, or increasing or decreasing, then the process needs to be examined for non-random problems * * Sample Quality Control Chart * * 4. Testing Many IT professionals think of testing as a stage that comes near the end of IT product development Testing should be done during almost every phase of the IT product development life cycle * * Testing Tasks in the Software Development Life Cycle * * Types of Tests A unit test is done to test each individual component (often a program) to ensure it is as defect free as possible Integration testing occurs between unit and system testing to test functionally grouped components System testing tests the entire system as one entity User acceptance testing is an independent test performed by the end user prior to accepting the delivered system * * Gantt Chart for Building Testing into a Systems Development Project Plan * * 7.8 Improving IT Project Quality * * Improving IT Project Quality Several suggestions for improving quality for IT projects include Leadership that promotes quality Understanding the cost of quality Focusing on organizational influences and workplace factors that affect quality Following maturity models to improve quality * * 1.Leadership “It is most important that top management be quality-minded. In the absence of sincere manifestation of interest at the top, little will happen below.” (Juran, 1945) A large percentage of quality problems are associated with management, not technical issues * * 2.The Cost of Quality The cost of quality is