碳氧化反应速率常数与温度特殊关系的理论解释-物理化学学报.PDF

大学化学(Daxue Huaxue) 84 Univ. Chem. 2016, 31 (10), 84－88 October ∙师生笔谈∙ doi: 10.3866/PKU.DXHX201603015 碳氧化反应速率常数与温度特殊关系的理论解释 孔令然 张树永* ( 山东大学化学与化工学院，济南250100) 摘要：对于碳氧化反应，在不同温度范围内，温度对反应速率常数的影响呈现不同规律的现象进行了讨 论。指出第一阶段主要由氧气在碳表面化学吸附平衡受温度的影响决定。第二阶段则由碳在二氧化碳中 发生气化反应，特别是其中的酮基脱附步骤决定。对已有的反应机理进行了比较，提出了新的简化机 理，并采用速率控制步骤近似和平衡近似对机理进行了近似处理，得出的第二阶段动力学方程可以较好 地解释相关实验规律。 关键词：碳氧化反应；多相反应；吸附平衡；二氧化碳；反应机理 中图分类号：G64 ；O643.1 Theoretical Explanation of the Special Temperature Dependence of Rate Constant for Oxidation of Carbon KONG Ling-Ran ZHANG Shu-Yong* (School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shandong University, Jinan 250100, P. R. China) Abstract: For oxidation of carbon in different temperature ranges, there is different temperature dependence of rate constant. The temperature dependence can be divided into two sections. The first section is mainly determined by the chemical adsorption of oxygen on the carbon surface, forming oxygen- containing surface complexes. The effect of temperature on adsorption equilibrium of oxygen results in the first increase and then decrease of rate constant with increasing temperature. For the second section, it is mainly influenced by gasification of carbon in carbon dioxide, in which desorption of the carboxyl group is the rate-determining step (r.d.s.). In this paper, a comparison among the formerly established mechanisms for carbon oxidation at high temperature was made and a simplified mechanism was put forward. The rate equation for the second section was deduced b