journal of experimental social psychology：实验社会心理学杂志精品.pdfVIP

Journal of Experimental Social Psychology 46 (2010) 166–171 Contents lists available at ScienceDirect Journal of Experimental Social Psychology journal homepage: www.else /locate/jesp Report Rising to the threat: Reducing stereotype threat by reframing the threat as a challenge Adam L. Alter a,*, Joshua Aronson b, John M. Darley c, Cordaro Rodriguez c, Diane N. Ruble d a Stern School of Business, New York University, Tisch Hall, 40 West 4th Street, New York, NY 10012, United States b Steinhardt School of Culture, Education, and Human Development, 182 Washington Square East, New York University, New York, NY 10003, United States c Department of Psychology, Princeton University, Princeton, NJ 08544, United States d Department of Psychology, New York University, 6 Washington Place, New York, NY 10003, United States a r t i c l e i n f o a b s t r a c t Article history: In two experiments, we found that the performance-inhibiting consequences of stereotype threat were Received 26 May 2009 eliminated when the threat was subtly reframed as a challenge. In Experiment 1, Black school children Revised 23 September 2009 in North Carolina completed a 10-item mathematics test. Participants who reported their race before tak- Available online 2 October 2009 ing the test performed more poorly than participants who reported their race after completing the test, unless the test was framed as a challenge. Experiment 2 replicated this effect with undergraduates at a Keywords: pres