occupational hazards in orthodontics a review of risks and associated pathology：口腔正畸学的回顾和相关病理职业危害风险精品.pdfVIP

REVIEW ARTICLE Occupational hazards in orthodontics: A review of risks and associated pathology Nikolaos Pandis,a Brandi D. Pandis,a Vasilios Pandis,a and Theodore Eliadesb Corfu and Thessaloniki, Greece The purpose of this article was to review the occupational hazards related to the practice of orthodontics. A systematic approach was used to include all risks involved in an orthodontic practice. The classification of hazards was based on major sources of risks by system or tissue and by orthodontic office area (dental chair, laboratory, sterilization area, x-ray developing area). Potentially hazardous factors relate to the general practice setting; to specific materials and tools that expose the operator to vision and hearing risks; to chemical substances with known allergenic, toxic, or irritating actions; to increased microbial counts and silica particles of the aerosols produced during debonding; to ergonomic considerations that might have an impact on the provider’s muscoleskeletal system; and to psychological stress with proven undesirable sequelae. The identification and elimination of these risk factors should be incorporated into a standard practice management program as an integral part of orthodontic education. Professional organizations can also assist in informing practitioners of potential hazards and methods to deal with them. (Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop 2007;132:280-92) ccupational hazard is defined as a risk ac- scarce. Jacobsen and Hensten-Pettersen2 investigated cepted as a consequence of a particular occu- the occupation-related complaints of Norwegian orth- Opation.1 Professionals in dentistry are exposed odontists relative to data obtained in 1987. Most com- to many occupational hazards; their effects appear as plaints were