口腔预防医学精品教学（中山大学）考试复习.docVIP

 PAGE \* MERGEFORMAT 16 口腔预防医学 Aims of oral epidemiology to study the distribution of oral health and diseases in populations to study the factors which affect the distribution to study oral preventive methods and evaluate the effects to monitor the change of oral health and diseases to provide information for formulating oral public health strategies Objective of epidemiological study Decision、Make clear、Write down Terms used in oral epidemiology prevalence (active disease; experience) incidence (person or tissue) mortality (person or tooth) Epidemiological study methods descriptive epidemiology cross-sectional study longitudinal study study analyzing available routine data-sets analytic epidemiology case-control study cohort study experimental epidemiology clinical trial field trial community trial RCT (randomized controlled trial) Randomized sampling Control group Parallel (gender, severity) Blind Multi-center Quasi-experiment study population reference population Variable categorical: nominal, ordinal continuous: interval, ratio enumeration data measurement data independent dependent variable Reliability Reliability measurement Chi-square test, t-test, correlation analysis, Kappa test duplicate examination calibration Intra-examiner/inter-examiner Oral Health Survey Objectives of basic OH surveys 1. collect information about the oral health status and treatment needs of a population 2. monitor changes in levels and patterns of disease Not designed for studying etiological factors or clinical effectiveness of different treatments. Sampling - measurements on part of the population Advantages: - less resource demanding - quicker to complete - more cost-efficient - more detail examination possible A good sample - well chosen, so as to be representative of the study population - sufficiently large - adequate coverage of the study population Probability sampling -each element has a