Direct Observation of Ion Distributions near Electrodes in Ionic Polymer Actuators Containing Ionic Liquids推荐.pdf

Direct Observation of Ion Distributions near Electrodes in Ionic Polymer SUBJECT AREAS: Actuators Containing Ionic Liquids APPLIED PHYSICS MASS SPECTROMETRY 1 2 3 4 4 2 Yang Liu , Caiyan Lu , Stephen Twigg , Mehdi Ghaffari , Junhong Lin , Nicholas Winograd ACTUATORS Q. M. Zhang1,4 ENGINEERING 1Department of Electrical Engineering, 2Department of Chemistry, Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA, United States, Received 3Department of Electrical Engineering, Villanova University, Villanova, PA, United States, 4Department of Materials Science and 29 June 2012 Engineering, Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA, United States. Accepted 22 February 2013 The recent boom of energy storage and conversion devices, exploiting ionic liquids (ILs) to enhance the Published performance, requires an in-depth understanding of this new class of electrolytes in device operation 20 March 2013 conditions. One central question critical to device performance is how the mobile ions accumulate near charged electrodes. Here, we present the excess ion depth profiles of ILs in ionomer membrane actuators (Aquivion/1-butyl-2,3-dimethylimidazolium chloride (BMMI-Cl), 27 mm thick), characterized directly by Time-of-Flight Secondary Ion Mass Spectrometry (ToF-SIMS) at liquid nitrogen temperature. Correspondence and Experimental results reveal that for the IL studied, cations and anions are accumulated at both electrodes. requests fo