人类文明演化的生态观-生态学杂志.PDFVIP

生态学杂志 　2000 ,19 (4) ∶57 - 60 Chinese Journal of Ecology 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 人 类 文 明 演 化 的 生 态 观 王国祥 　濮培民 ( 中国科学院南京地理与湖泊研究所 , 2 10008) On Succession of Human Civilization from Ecological View. Wang Guoxiang , Pu Peimin ( N anj ing ) I ns tit ute of Geog rap hy an d L i m nology , Chinese A cademy of S ciences , N anj ing 2 10008 . Chinese J ou rnal of Ecology ,2000 ,19 (4) :57 - 60 . The occurrence , develop ment , flourish and decline of agricultural and industrial civilization were an alyzed on t he basis of ecological principles. The agricultural civilization , an early civilization of hu man beings , occurred in catchment basin of large rivers and lakes wit h p erfect ecosystems. The de velop ment and flourish of agricultural civilization resulted from human simple recognition and primary utilization of ecosystem . It s decline resulted from deterioration of local ecosystem . The industrial civ ilization has greatly increased productivity and raised t he living standards. However , t he environ mental pollution caused by industrial civilization has made global ecosystem face crash . The sustain able develop ment is accelerating emergence of ecological consciousness and deep ening research of modern ecology . These indicate t hat t he t hird leap in succession history of human civilization will be come true and t he ecological civilization will be certainly tendency of human civilization . The main characteristics of ecological civilization are t he integration of nature and human beings , t he integral harmony , recycle and regeneration , high - efficiency , mutualism and sustainable develop ment . Key words :human civilization , succession , ecosystem ,