美国文学老人与海论文.docVIP

中国地质大学江城学院 课程设计（论文） 从冰山理论视角浅析《老人与海》中的象征艺术 姓 名： 张 丽 专 业： 英日双语 班 级： 学 号： 4130080120 摘 要 《老人与海》充分体现了“冰山理论”的创作原则。“冰山理论”是一种文学创作理论。指的是人的语言对于人的思想的表达就好像冰山一样,只有八分之一在水上面,有八分之七在水下；意思是说人的语言是不足以表达思想的,对于作者而言，也没有必要写得太过于直露,因为读者是能读懂的。透过水面之上“八分之一”的冰山一隅，读者可以强烈地感受到蕴藏在水面之下“八分之七”的巨大象征空间。虽然小说描绘的是生活中非常细微的场景，但它的象征意义却直接指向生命本身。这微小的冰山一角使我们深刻地领悟到水面之下“八分之七”的真谛。本文试图分析“冰山理论”在老人与海中的象征艺术。因此本文首先在第一章中介绍了作者以及作品的背景，在第二章中阐述了冰山理论的背景和定义，然后分析了作品的研究意义，在第三章中详细分析了水面下的“八分之七”，主要是指通过小男孩马诺林、大马林鱼、大海等意象分析了其深刻的象征意义，从而帮助读者深入地理解这个理论，并证明海明威的冰山理论反映了时代的要求,创造了一个崭新的文学风格。 本文的研究意义在于分析清楚冰山理论的四个基本要素：即简洁的文字、鲜明的形象、丰富的情感和深刻的思想。 关键词：冰山理论 老人与海 象征意义 ABSTRACT The Old Man and The Sea fully reflects the creative principle of the Iceberg Theory. Iceberg Theory is a kind of Literature creation theory,it means that human’s language to the expression of human’s mind just like iceberg,only one eighth is above water, and seven eighth is under water,means that human’s language can’t express mind completely. Through one corner of the iceberg--the one eighth above the water, readers can strongly feel a great symbolic space of the seven eighth under the surface of the water. The novel not only depicts the life of this mundane world, but also shows the symbolic meanings of life itself. This tiny tip of the iceberg makes us deeply understand the substantial meanings of the seven eighths under the water. This paper tries to analyze the Symbolic art of the Iceberg Theory in The Old Man and The Sea. So this paper in the first part introduces the background of the author and the work, in the second part introduced the background and definition of the Iceberg Theory. Then it analyzes the work’s Significance of research, in the third part analysis the seven eighths under the water in detail, mainly refers to the deeply symbolic meanings of images, such as the little boy Manolin, the big marlin, the sea and so on. Through this thesis readers may have an in-depth understanding of this theory, and at th