中医功效语的翻译.pptVIP

* * 翻译技巧第三讲：中医功效语的英译 中医功效语是指按照中医的理论描述某物或某项活动所具有的功效的语言。这类功效语贯穿于中医诊治的各个过程，其翻译可按以下规则进行： （一）译成两个并列的英语动词短语 中医功效语中，两种功效并列的四字术语十分普遍，如：“清热解毒”、“生津化痰”。通常，两种功效互为补充。汉译英时，可用两个并列的英语动词或动宾结构译出。 动词用现在分词形式，翻译规律为：V-ing + (n) + and +V-ing + (n), 例如 ： 利咽消肿 relieving sore-throat and diminishing swelling 清暑化湿 clearing away summer-heat and eliminating dampness 清肺养阴 nourishing the lung and preserving its yin essence 益气生津 supplementing qi and promoting the production of body fluid 宽胸散结 relieving stuffiness of the chest and dissipating mass 清热润肺 clearing away heat and nourishing the lung 明目清肝 improving eyesight and removing heat from the liver 清热解毒 clearing away heat and detoxifying 生津化痰 promoting the production of body fluid and resolving phlegm （二）译成带目的状语的动词短语 中医功效语中的四字术语通常由两对功效语组成。在有些情况下，前一种功效导致了后一种功效，如：“利血止痛”，“泻火解毒”。 我们在翻译这类四字功效语时，还可用动词或动宾结构后接动词不定式短语作目的状语的英语结构，以表达两种功效的连环关系。 翻译规律是：V-ing + to + V+ (n), 例如： 清热消食 removing /clearing away pathological (病理的) heat to promote digestion 散寒止呕 expelling cold to relieve vomit 除湿止痒 removing dampness to relieve itching 活血通络 promoting blood circulation to remove obstruction in the channels (三）译成带方式状语的动词短语 前一种功效导致了后一种功效，换个角度说，就是后一种功效通过前一种功效发挥作用，如“理气止痛”，“止痛”是通过“理气”做到的。因此，汉译英时，我们还可以把这类中医四字功效语译成带方式状语的英语动词短语， 翻译规律为：V-ing + (n) + by + V-ing + (n) 润肺止咳 arresting cough by nourishing the lung 养心安神 tranquilizing the mind by nourishing the heart 利胆退黄 curing jaundice by normalizing the functioning of the gallbladder 散寒平喘 relieving wheezing by dispelling cold 清热排脓 eliminating pus by clearing away heat 理气通便 relieving constipation (便秘) by regulating the flow of qi 养血复脉 recovering pulse condition by nourishing the blood Exercises 下面请将“高级礼品人参简介”翻译成英文： 人参具有养血复脉，养心安神，补肺定喘，健脾止泻，托毒合疮等多种功效。 Ginseng has the functions of recovering pulse condition by nourishing the blood, tranquilizing the mind by nourishing the heart, relieving wheezing by notifying the lung, stopping diarrhea by invigorating the spleen, healing ulcer (溃疡）by expelli