被动语态应用典型错误十例.docVIP

被动语态应用典型错误十例 1．这本书是谁写的？ 【误】Who was the book written？ 【正】Who was the book written by？ 【析】在被动语态的句子中，当出现动作的执行者时要加上介词by。 2．房间里充满了烟。 【误】The room was filled by smoke． 【正】The room was filled with smoke． 【析】这里用介词with而不用by，因为所涉及的不是动作的执行者，而是所使用的物质材料。 3．这封信是写给谁的？ 【误】Who was this letter written？ 【正】Who was this letter written to？ 【析】“写信给谁”是write a letter to．．．，在被动语态的句子中，不能丢掉介词to。 4．她母亲给她买了件新外衣。 【误】A new coat was bought her by her mother． 【正】A new coat was bought for her by her mother． 【析】当直接宾语作被动语态的句子的主语时，间接宾语前要加适当的介词。 5．英语不容易学。 【误】English is not easy to be learned． 【正】English is not easy to learn． 【析】在easy，difficult，hard，heavy，good等形容词后的不定式和句子的主语有逻辑上的动宾关系时，不定式要用主动语态。 6．这起交通事故是昨天发生的。 【误】The traffic accident was happened yesterday． 【正】The traffic accident happened yesterday. 【析】happen是不及物动词，只用于主动语态，不能用于被动语态。 7．上班前，他吃了一顿丰盛的早餐。 【误】A good breakfast was had by him before he went to work． 【正】He had a good breakfast before he went to work． 【析】在某些情况下，有些及物动词不能用被动语态。 8．我们被放行了。 【误】We were let to go． 【正】We were let go． 【析】跟在动词let的被动语态之后的不定式不带to。 9．我们被迫干活。 【误】We were made work． 【正】We were made to work． 【析】make等使役动词改为被动语态后，made后的不定式要带to。 10．这课桌需要修理。 【误】This desk needs to mend． 【正】This desk needs to be mended． 【析】当need的主语是不定式表示的动作的对象时，要用不定式的被动形式或动名词的主动形式。