砾石地之土壤水分入渗特性研究中华水土保持学会.pdf

中華水土保持學報, 43(1): 65-74 (2012) 65 Journal of Chinese Soil and Water Conservation, 43 (1):65-74 (2012) 礫石地之土壤水分入滲特性研究 吳嘉俊 * 王建涵 詹于婷 摘 要 本研究藉由田間試驗，探討含礫石土壤的水分入滲特性與影響飽和水力傳導度的因 子。田間觀測發現，含礫石土壤的水分入滲歷程中常出現入滲速率突峰，該現象輔助說明了 Tuller et al. 所提出的裂隙閉鎖與孔隙閉鎖行為。研究資料更顯示，當礫石體積含量超過 30%以 後，礫石體積含量與飽和水力傳導度之間呈線性相關。為便於實務應用，本研究獲得含礫石土 壤的飽和水力傳導度推估方程式，影響因子包含：礫石體積含量百分比、總孔隙度，及有效粒 徑 D10 。 關鍵詞：入渗特性、飽和水力傳導度、礫石體積含量、總孔隙度、有效粒徑。 Infiltration Behavior of Gravel-Rich Soil * Chia-Chun Wu Chen-Han Wang Yu-Ting Chan ABSTRACT Single-ring infiltrometers were used to explore the infiltration behavior of grav- el-rich soil. Spikes of infiltration rates were registered in the infiltration histogram, supporting the slit-snap-off and pore-snap-off conceptual model proposed by Tuller et al. The results of the in situ infiltration experiments also indicate saturated hydraulic conductivity is linearly related to volumetric gravel content when gravel content exceeds 30%. To facilitate the estimation of saturated hydraulic conductivity on gravelly soil, a multiple regression equation considering volumetric gravel content, total porosity, and effective particle size D10. was obtained. Key Words : Infiltration behavior, saturated hydraulic conductivity, gravel volumetric content, total porosity, effective particle size. 礫石屬於沉積岩的一種，顆粒粒徑大於 2mm 者， 一、前 言 稱為礫 (gravel) 或礫石，已固結成岩者稱為礫岩。Folk 台灣卵礫石層多分布於具沉積特性之盆地 、台地、 (1954) 將不同礫石含量之岩體分成以下三種類型：當 丘陵及河階等地，佔台灣總面積的 40%以上，由於